Martins Fernanda O, Cherobim Arieli M, Andrade Breno N, Langeani Francisco
IFPR-Instituto Federal do Paraná, Campus Londrina, Rua João XXIII, 600, 86060-370, Londrina, PR, Brazil. MZUEL-Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445, Km 380, Campus Universitário, 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil..
Zootaxa. 2017 Jun 11;4276(2):233-244. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4276.2.5.
The number of species of Microlepidogaster recently increased considerably, the genus presently comprises six species distributed in the Paraná, São Francisco, and Jequitinhonha river basins. A new species of Microlepidogaster is herein described from the upper Rio São Francisco basin, which can be distinguished from all congeners by having two exclusive features within the genus: skin over swimbladder opening with two to five reduced unperforated platelets, and ventral laminar expansion of coracoid enclosing completely or almost completely the arrector fossa of the pectoral girdle. In addition, other features to recognize this species are: snout covered by many small plates bearing slender pointed odontodes; presence of iris operculum; exposure of pectoral girdle restricted to the lateral portion; presence of pectoral axillary slit only in juveniles; anterior portion of compound supraneural plus first dorsal-fin proximal radial contacting the neural spine of the eighth or ninth vertebra; first anal-fin pterygiophore covered only by skin; and uninterrupted, long median and mid-dorsal series of lateral plates.
微鳞脂鲤属的物种数量最近大幅增加，该属目前包括6个物种，分布在巴拉那河、圣弗朗西斯科河和热基蒂尼奥尼亚河流域。本文描述了一种来自圣弗朗西斯科河上游流域的新微鳞脂鲤物种，它可通过该属内两个独特特征与所有同属物种区分开来：鳔开口处的皮肤有两到五块退化的无孔小骨板，以及喙骨的腹侧片状扩展完全或几乎完全包围肩带的竖肌窝。此外，识别该物种的其他特征还有：吻部覆盖着许多带有细长尖齿状突起的小板；有虹膜盖；肩带仅在侧面部分外露；仅在幼鱼中有胸腋裂；复合上神经的前部加上第一背鳍近端辐状骨接触第八或第九椎骨的神经棘；第一臀鳍鳍担骨仅被皮肤覆盖；以及不间断的、长的中侧列和中背列侧板。
