Yang Liyuan, Dietrich Christopher H, Zhang Yalin
Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of the Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
Zootaxa. 2017 Jun 2;4273(2):271-278. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4273.2.7.
Three new species, Macropsella recta, Toropsis minuspina and Varicopsella apecurvata spp. nov. are described and illustrated from Australia. Leafhoppers of the subfamily Macropsinae are found abundantly in the Holarctic, Oriental and Australian regions (Linnavuori, 1978) and have been collected from around the world, except for Antarctica, Oceania and South America (Hamilton, 1980). Both Hamilton (1980) and Evans (1966) suggested that there were likely a myriad of uncollected and undescribed species in Australia alone and Evans (1971) commented that the Macropsinae are possibly more abundant in Australia than anywhere else in the world. Day and Fletcher (1994) listed 45 macropsine species in eight genera and mentioned that the Australian fauna needs "a thorough examination to establish the generic affinities of the species…". In her unpublished doctoral dissertation, Semeraro (2014) recently completed a revision and phylogeny of the Australian fauna, documenting an additional 50 undescribed species and proposing changes to the generic classification, but this work has not yet been published. The new Australian species described herein, representing three genera, one not previously recorded in Australia, were not included in Semeraro's (2014) dissertation.Study of samples recently collected from Australia revealed the presence of 3 new species, representing the genera Macropsella Hamilton, Toropsis Hamilton and Varicopsella Hamilton.Macropsella was established by Hamilton (1980) with Macropsis saidora Evans, 1971 as the type species. Five Macropsis species describeded by Evans (1971), one Macropsis species described by Kirkaldy (1907) and new species Macropsella complicata Hamilton (1980) were previously included in this genus. The seven species of this genus are known only from New Guinea and Northern Australia. Members of this genus can be distinguished by their usually white spotted tegminal veins, tapered male pygofer and laterally directed short ventral pygofer spines.Toropsis was established by Hamilton (1980) with Oncopsis balli Kirkaldy, 1907 as the type species. Six Oncopsis species (Evans, 1935, 1941) and three Macropsis species (Evans, 1971; Metcalf, 1966) were transferred to this genus by Hamilton (1980). So far, ten species recorded in this genus, and all of these species are recorded only from Australia. Toropsis can be distinguished by the wide face, small and flat front, inflated pronotum, unarmed male pygofer and relatively small dorsal connectives.Varicopsella was established by Hamilton (1980) for seven species from the Oriental region, with Macropsis breakeyi Merino, 1936 as its type species. More recently, Li et al. (2014) added a new species and subgenus Varicopsella (Multispinulosa) hamiltoni from China, but this species appears to be incorrectly placed in Varicopsella. Yang et al. (2016) added V. odontoida from Thailand. This genus can be distinguished by the depressed head, fused lora and frontoclypeus, and the two-jointed dorsal connective of the male.
本文描述并图示了来自澳大利亚的三个新物种，即直突大叶蝉Macropsella recta、小刺突顶叶蝉Toropsis minuspina和弯突异突叶蝉Varicopsella apecurvata spp. nov.。
大叶蝉亚科的叶蝉在全北区、东洋区和澳大利亚地区分布广泛（林纳武奥里，1978），除南极洲、大洋洲和南美洲外，世界各地均有采集记录（汉密尔顿，1980）。汉密尔顿（1980）和埃文斯（1966）均指出，仅澳大利亚可能就存在无数未被采集和描述的物种，埃文斯（1971）评论说，大叶蝉亚科在澳大利亚的数量可能比世界其他任何地方都多。戴和弗莱彻（1994）列出了八个属中的45种大叶蝉，并提到澳大利亚的动物区系需要“进行全面研究以确定这些物种的属间亲缘关系……”。在她未发表的博士论文中，塞梅拉罗（2014）最近完成了对澳大利亚动物区系的修订和系统发育研究，记录了另外50个未描述的物种，并对属的分类提出了修改意见，但这项工作尚未发表。本文描述的新澳大利亚物种代表三个属，其中一个属此前在澳大利亚没有记录，未被纳入塞梅拉罗（2014）的论文中。
对最近从澳大利亚采集的样本进行研究后发现了3个新物种，分别代表大叶蝉属Macropsella汉密尔顿、突顶叶蝉属Toropsis汉密尔顿和异突叶蝉属Varicopsella汉密尔顿。
大叶蝉属由汉密尔顿（1980）建立，以1971年埃文斯描述的Macropsis saidora为模式种。埃文斯（1971）描述的5种Macropsis、柯卡尔迪（1907）描述的1种Macropsis以及新物种复杂大叶蝉Macropsella complicata汉密尔顿（1980）此前都被归入该属。该属的7个物种仅分布于新几内亚和澳大利亚北部。该属成员的特征通常是翅脉有白色斑点、雄性尾节逐渐变细以及腹侧尾节刺短且向侧面伸出。
突顶叶蝉属由汉密尔顿（1980）建立，以1907年柯卡尔迪描述的Oncopsis balli为模式种。汉密尔顿（1980）将6种Oncopsis（埃文斯，1935、1941）和3种Macropsis（埃文斯，1971；梅特卡夫，1966）归入该属。到目前为止，该属记录有10个物种，且所有这些物种仅在澳大利亚有记录。突顶叶蝉属的特征是脸宽、额前部小而扁平、前胸背板膨大、雄性尾节无武装且背连接片相对较小。
异突叶蝉属由汉密尔顿（1980）为东洋区的7个物种建立，以1936年梅里诺描述的Macropsis breakeyi为模式种。最近，李等人（2014）增加了一个来自中国的新物种及亚属Varicopsella（多刺突叶蝉亚属）hamiltoni，但该物种似乎被错误地归入了异突叶蝉属。杨等人（2016）增加了来自泰国的V. odontoida。该属的特征是头部凹陷、颊和额唇基愈合以及雄性的背连接片分两节。
