Smith Robin James, Kamiya Takahiro, Choi Yong-Gun, Lee Jimin, Chang Cheon Young
Lake Biwa Museum, 1091 Oroshimo, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-0001, Japan.
Zootaxa. 2017 May 17;4268(3):360-376. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4268.3.3.
Surveys of caves in South Korea yielded a new species of the ostracod genus Cavernocypris Hartmann, 1964, herein described as Cavernocypris danielopoli Smith & Kamiya n. sp. This is the fifth described species in this widely distributed genus, and can be discriminated from its congeners by the highly triangular shape of the carapace in lateral view, caused by a large dorsal protrusion on the left valve. A second triangular-shaped morphotype was also collected, differing from the first by a lower carapace and less pronounced dorsal protrusion. As it is not clear at present if this represents a separate species or intraspecific variation, it is left in open nomenclature. The lack of a pigmented eye, a highly triangular carapace and no carapace pigmentation suggests that Cavernocypris danielopoli Smith & Kamiya n. sp. is the most adapted species in the genus to a stygobiotic lifestyle. Another Korean species, Cavernocypris coreana (McKenzie, 1972), found in caves and spring discharges, has a reduced number of antennule segments, common for stygobiotic species, but this feature is lacking in the new species. This suggests that within the genus, species have followed different evolutionary pathways to adapt to the subterranean realm.
对韩国洞穴的调查发现了介形虫属洞穴丽脂鲤（Cavernocypris Hartmann，1964）的一个新物种，在此描述为丹尼尔波利洞穴丽脂鲤（Cavernocypris danielopoli Smith & Kamiya n. sp.）。这是这个广泛分布的属中已描述的第五个物种，因其左瓣上的一个大的背侧突出物，使其在侧视图中甲壳呈高度三角形，从而可与同属其他物种区分开来。还采集到了第二种三角形形态类型，它与第一种的区别在于甲壳较低且背侧突出不那么明显。由于目前尚不清楚这代表一个单独的物种还是种内变异，因此暂不命名。没有色素沉着的眼睛、高度三角形的甲壳以及没有甲壳色素沉着表明，丹尼尔波利洞穴丽脂鲤是该属中最适应穴居生活方式的物种。在洞穴和泉水排放处发现的另一种韩国物种，朝鲜洞穴丽脂鲤（Cavernocypris coreana (McKenzie, 1972)），触角节数量减少，这是穴居物种的常见特征，但新物种没有这一特征。这表明在该属内，物种遵循了不同的进化途径来适应地下环境。
