一亿年的多基因家族进化：鸟类MHC IIB类分子的起源与进化
100 million years of multigene family evolution: origin and evolution of the avian MHC class IIB.
作者信息
Goebel Julien, Promerová Marta, Bonadonna Francesco, McCoy Karen D, Serbielle Céline, Strandh Maria, Yannic Glenn, Burri Reto, Fumagalli Luca
机构信息
Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Kvetna 8, 60365, Brno, Czech Republic.
出版信息
BMC Genomics. 2017 Jun 13;18(1):460. doi: 10.1186/s12864-017-3839-7.
BACKGROUND
Gene duplication has led to a most remarkable adaptation involved in vertebrates' host-pathogen arms-race, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). However, MHC duplication history is as yet poorly understood in non-mammalian vertebrates, including birds.
RESULTS
Here, we provide evidence for the evolution of two ancient avian MHC class IIB (MHCIIB) lineages by a duplication event prior to the radiation of all extant birds >100 million years ago, and document the role of concerted evolution in eroding the footprints of the avian MHCIIB duplication history.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that eroded footprints of gene duplication histories may mimic birth-death evolution and that in the avian MHC the presence of the two lineages may have been masked by elevated rates of concerted evolution in several taxa. Through the presence of a range of intermediate evolutionary stages along the homogenizing process of concerted evolution, the avian MHCIIB provides a remarkable illustration of the erosion of multigene family duplication history.
背景
基因复制导致了脊椎动物宿主 - 病原体军备竞赛中一项最为显著的适应性变化，即主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）。然而，在包括鸟类在内的非哺乳动物脊椎动物中，MHC的复制历史至今仍知之甚少。
结果
在此，我们提供证据表明，两个古老的鸟类MHC II类B（MHCIIB）谱系是在超过1亿年前所有现存鸟类辐射分化之前通过一次复制事件进化而来的，并记录了协同进化在消除鸟类MHCIIB复制历史印记方面所起的作用。
结论
我们的结果表明，基因复制历史被消除的印记可能会模仿出生 - 死亡进化，并且在鸟类MHC中，两个谱系的存在可能在几个分类群中被协同进化的高速度所掩盖。通过在协同进化的同质化过程中存在一系列中间进化阶段，鸟类MHCIIB为多基因家族复制历史的消除提供了一个显著的例证。
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