Luo Hui-Qiang, Wu Kan, Qian Jia-Hui, Cao Pei-Ya, Ren Xiao-Hui
Department of Health Related Social and Behavioral Science, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2017 Mar;48(2):263-267.
To investigate social support for elderly in urban and rural settings, and determine its role in physical and psychological health of the elderly populations.
Data were extracted from the 2013 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Physical health was measured by the ADL/IADL scale. Mental health was measured by the CES-D scale. Family support included financial support, daily care and emotional care. Binary logistic models were established to test the associations between family support and physical and mental health.
For the rural elderly people, financial support from children was positively associated with physical health ( <0.05); whereas, emotional comfort from children was associated with better mental health ( <0.01). Daily care from children was associated with physical and mental health of the elderly in both urban and rural settings ( <0.01).
An urban-rural difference exists in the role of family support in physical and mental health of the elderly. Rural elderly people are more dependent on family support than their urban counterparts. Social support needs to be strengthened to reduce the urban-rural gap. Meanwhile, family support will continue to play a role in improving the health of elderly populations.
调查城乡老年人的社会支持情况，并确定其在老年人群体身心健康中的作用。
数据来自2013年中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）。身体健康通过ADL/IADL量表进行测量。心理健康通过CES-D量表进行测量。家庭支持包括经济支持、日常照料和情感关怀。建立二元逻辑回归模型来检验家庭支持与身心健康之间的关联。
对于农村老年人，子女的经济支持与身体健康呈正相关（<0.05）；而子女的情感慰藉与更好的心理健康相关（<0.01）。子女的日常照料与城乡老年人的身心健康均相关（<0.01）。
家庭支持在老年人身心健康中的作用存在城乡差异。农村老年人比城市老年人更依赖家庭支持。需要加强社会支持以缩小城乡差距。同时，家庭支持将继续在改善老年人群体健康方面发挥作用。
