Hoogerheide E S S, Azevedo Filho J A, Vencovsky R, Zucchi M I, Zago B W, Pinheiro J B
Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agronomia "Luiz de Queiroz", , , Brasil.
Embrapa Agrossilvipastoril, Sinop, MT, Brasil.
Genet Mol Res. 2017 May 31;16(2):gmr-16-02-gmr.16029612. doi: 10.4238/gmr16029612.
The cultivated garlic (Allium sativum L.) displays a wide phenotypic diversity, which is derived from natural mutations and phenotypic plasticity, due to dependence on soil type, moisture, latitude, altitude and cultural practices, leading to a large number of cultivars. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic variability shown by 63 garlic accessions belonging to Instituto Agronômico de Campinas and the Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" germplasm collections. We evaluated ten quantitative characters in experimental trials conducted under two localities of the State of São Paulo: Monte Alegre do Sul and Piracicaba, during the agricultural year of 2007, in a randomized blocks design with five replications. The Mahalanobis distance was used to measure genetic dissimilarities. The UPGMA method and Tocher's method were used as clustering procedures. Results indicated significant variation among accessions (P < 0.01) for all evaluated characters, except for the percentage of secondary bulb growth in MAS, indicating the existence of genetic variation for bulb production, and germplasm evaluation considering different environments is more reliable for the characterization of the genotypic variability among garlic accessions, since it diminishes the environmental effects in the clustering of genotypes.
栽培大蒜（Allium sativum L.）表现出广泛的表型多样性，这源于自然突变和表型可塑性，因为它依赖于土壤类型、湿度、纬度、海拔和栽培方式，从而产生了大量的品种。本研究旨在评估属于坎皮纳斯农业研究所和“路易斯·德·奎罗斯”高等农业学校种质资源库的63份大蒜种质所表现出的遗传变异性。在2007年农业年度，我们在圣保罗州的两个地点：南阿莱格里港和皮拉西卡巴进行了试验，以随机区组设计，重复五次，评估了十个数量性状。采用马氏距离来衡量遗传差异。采用类平均法（UPGMA）和托赫尔法作为聚类方法。结果表明，除了南阿莱格里港二次鳞茎生长百分比外，所有评估性状在种质间均存在显著差异（P < 0.01），这表明鳞茎产量存在遗传变异，并且考虑不同环境的种质评价对于表征大蒜种质间的基因型变异更为可靠，因为它减少了基因型聚类中的环境影响。
