Buchanan Benjamin K., Sina Reddog E., Kushner Donald
Uniformed Services University
Memorial Healthcare Institute of Neuroscience
Plantar fasciitis occurs due to degenerative irritation at the origin of the plantar fascia, located at the medial calcaneal tuberosity of the heel and the surrounding perifascial structures. The plantar fascia plays an essential role in the normal biomechanics of the foot and comprises three segments arising from the calcaneus. The fascia is essential in supporting the arch and providing shock absorption. Despite featuring the -itis suffix in the diagnosis, this condition stands out for its absence of inflammatory cells. Plantar fasciitis is prevalent in the United States, with millions experiencing heel pain annually. The cause of plantar fasciitis is multifactorial, but most cases result from overuse stress. The classic presentation is of sharp localized pain at the heel. Occasionally, a heel spur may be found (see . Lateral Radiograph, Heel Spur and Large Heel Spur and Plantar Calcaneal Spur). Plantar fasciitis is not easy to treat, and patient dissatisfaction is common with most treatments. Nonsurgical management handles most cases, but the recurrence of pain proves frustrating.
足底筋膜炎是由于位于足跟内侧跟骨结节处的足底筋膜起点以及周围筋膜结构发生退行性刺激所致。足底筋膜在足部正常生物力学中起着至关重要的作用，它由跟骨发出的三个部分组成。该筋膜对于支撑足弓和提供减震功能至关重要。尽管在诊断名称中带有“-itis”后缀，但这种病症的突出特点是不存在炎症细胞。足底筋膜炎在美国很常见，每年有数百万人遭受足跟疼痛。足底筋膜炎的病因是多因素的，但大多数病例是由过度使用压力引起的。典型表现是足跟处尖锐的局部疼痛。偶尔，可能会发现足跟骨刺（见图。外侧X线片，足跟骨刺、大足跟骨刺和足底跟骨骨刺）。足底筋膜炎不易治疗，大多数治疗方法都会导致患者不满意。非手术治疗处理大多数病例，但疼痛复发令人沮丧。
