Centre for Ageing Research and Education,Duke-NUS Medical School,Singapore.
Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience,Duke-NUS Medical School,Singapore.
Int Psychogeriatr. 2018 Jun;30(6):893-901. doi: 10.1017/S1041610217001041. Epub 2017 Jun 15.
ABSTRACTBackground:Aging is accompanied by cognitive decline that is escalated in older adults reporting extreme sleep duration. Social relationships can influence health outcomes and thus may qualify the association between sleep duration and cognitive function. The present study examines the moderating effects of marital status, household size, and social network with friends and relatives on the sleep-cognition association among older adults.
Data (N = 4,169) came from the Social Isolation, Health, and Lifestyles Survey, a nationally representative survey of community-dwelling older Singaporeans (≥ 60 years). Sleep duration and social relationships were self-reported. Cognitive function was assessed with the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire.
Regression analysis revealed that the inverted U-shaped association between sleep duration and cognitive function was less profound among older adults who were married (vs. unmarried) and those who had stronger (vs. weaker) social networks. In contrast, it was more prominent among individuals who had more (vs. fewer) household members.
Being married and having stronger social networks may buffer against the negative cognitive impact of extreme sleep duration. But larger household size might imply more stress for older persons, and therefore strengthen the sleep duration-cognitive function association. We discuss the potential biological underpinnings and the policy implications of the findings. Although our findings are based on a large sample, replication studies using objective measures of sleep duration and other cognitive measures are needed.
摘要：背景：随着年龄的增长，认知能力会下降，而睡眠时间过长的老年人认知能力下降更为明显。社会关系会影响健康状况，因此可能会影响睡眠时长与认知功能之间的关联。本研究考察了婚姻状况、家庭规模以及与朋友和亲戚的社交网络对老年人睡眠与认知功能之间关联的调节作用。
方法：数据（N=4169）来自于社会孤立、健康和生活方式调查，这是一项针对居住在新加坡社区的老年人（≥60 岁）的全国代表性调查。睡眠时长和社会关系由自我报告得出。认知功能通过简短便携精神状态问卷进行评估。
结果：回归分析显示，与睡眠时长和认知功能之间的倒 U 型关系相比，婚姻状况（已婚与未婚）和社交网络（较强与较弱）较强的老年人中，这种关联程度较弱。相比之下，在家庭成员较多的个体中，这种关联更为明显。
结论：已婚和拥有较强的社交网络可能会减轻极端睡眠时长对认知功能的负面影响。但家庭规模较大可能意味着老年人面临更大的压力，从而加强了睡眠时长与认知功能之间的关联。我们讨论了这些发现的潜在生物学基础和政策意义。尽管我们的研究结果基于大样本，但仍需要使用客观的睡眠时长测量和其他认知测量来进行复制研究。
