Shaik Subahani, Rajkumar Ravi Philip, Menon Vikas, Sarkar Siddharth
Department of Psychiatry, Narayana Medical College, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Department of Psychiatry, JIPMER, Puducherry, India.
Indian J Psychol Med. 2017 May-Jun;39(3):330-335. doi: 10.4103/0253-7176.207339.
Literature is inconsistent about the role of gender in mediating the relationship between life events and depression.
Our objective was to explore gender differences in patterns and frequencies of stressful life events before onset of a depressive episode.
Cross-sectional study at a tertiary care center.
One hundred patients fulfilling Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fourth edition criteria for current major depression (50 males and 50 females) were recruited for the study. Structured instruments were used to assess psychiatric comorbidity, episode severity, and stressful life events. We compared the number and frequency of stressful life events between genders and their relationship with demographic and clinical variables.
Mann-Whitney U-test and Chi-square test.
Women with depression were older, more likely to be married ( < 0.01), had lower rates of comorbid panic disorder ( < 0.01) and nicotine dependence ( = 0.016) compared to men. Total stress scores and median number of stressful events in the year before onset of depression were significantly lower in women ( < 0.01). Getting married, job or property-related stressors, and breakup of friendship were more commonly reported stressors among males while more females reported dowry-related issues before symptom onset. In stratified analysis, these gender differences continued to hold good only in those with comorbid dysthymia.
There appears to be a sex-specific effect of certain life events on depression. Comorbid dysthymia may play an important role in mediating this differential stress sensitivity across genders.
关于性别在调节生活事件与抑郁症之间关系中的作用，文献报道并不一致。
我们的目标是探讨抑郁发作前应激性生活事件的模式和频率中的性别差异。
在一家三级护理中心进行的横断面研究。
招募了100名符合《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版当前重度抑郁症标准的患者（50名男性和50名女性）参与研究。使用结构化工具评估精神疾病共病、发作严重程度和应激性生活事件。我们比较了不同性别之间应激性生活事件的数量和频率及其与人口统计学和临床变量的关系。
曼-惠特尼U检验和卡方检验。
与男性相比，患有抑郁症的女性年龄更大，更有可能已婚（P<0.01），共病惊恐障碍的发生率更低（P<0.01），尼古丁依赖的发生率更低（P = 0.016）。女性在抑郁发作前一年的总应激得分和应激事件中位数显著更低（P<0.01）。结婚、与工作或财产相关的压力源以及友谊破裂是男性中更常报告的压力源，而更多女性在症状发作前报告与嫁妆相关的问题。在分层分析中，这些性别差异仅在伴有恶劣心境的患者中仍然明显。
某些生活事件对抑郁症似乎存在性别特异性影响。共病恶劣心境可能在介导这种不同性别的应激敏感性差异中起重要作用。
