a Department of Infectious Diseases , Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome , Italy.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2018 Mar 4;14(3):637-646. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1338547. Epub 2017 Jul 21.
Annual administration of the seasonal influenza vaccine is strongly recommended to reduce the burden of disease, particularly for persons at the highest risk for the viral infection. Even during years when there is a good match between the vaccine and circulating strains, host-related factors such as age, preexisting immunity, genetic polymorphisms, and the presence of chronic underlying conditions may compromise influenza vaccine responsiveness. The application of new methodologies and large-scale profiling technologies are improving the ability to measure vaccine immunogenicity and our understanding of the immune mechanisms by which vaccines induce protective immunity. This review attempts to summarize the general concepts of how host factors can contribute to the heterogeneity of immune responses induced by influenza vaccines.
建议每年接种季节性流感疫苗，以减轻疾病负担，尤其是对感染病毒风险最高的人群。即使在疫苗与流行株匹配良好的年份，宿主相关因素，如年龄、预先存在的免疫、遗传多态性和慢性基础疾病的存在，也可能影响流感疫苗的反应性。新方法的应用和大规模分析技术提高了衡量疫苗免疫原性的能力，并加深了我们对疫苗诱导保护性免疫的免疫机制的理解。本综述试图总结宿主因素如何导致流感疫苗诱导的免疫反应异质性的一般概念。
