Lauffer L, Stengelin S, Béress L, Hucho F
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1985 Aug 8;818(1):55-60. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(85)90137-3.
Palytoxin, a toxin isolated from the Caribean corrall Palythoa caribaeorum, increases the cation permeability of excitable membranes in vitro. Three membrane systems have been investigated: axonal membranes from crayfish walking leg nerves, membranes rich in nicotinic acetylcholine receptor isolated from Torpedo californica electric tissue and, for control, artificial liposomes. Ion permeability of the latter was not affected by palytoxin, but with both biological membranes an increase in cation permeability was observed at a palytoxin concentration of 0.14 microM. Palytoxin-induced cation flow through the axonal membrane was not inhibited by tetrodotoxin, indicating that the voltage-dependent sodium channels were not involved. The effect of palytoxin on the receptor-rich membranes was not blocked by alpha-bungarotoxin, a competitive antagonist of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, nor by triphenylmethylphosphonium, a blocker of the receptor-ion channel. But with both the axonal and the receptor-rich membranes ouabain was an inhibitor of the palytoxin-induced cation flow. Evidence is presented that it is not the (Na+ + K+)-ATPase which is affected by palytoxin as has been postulated for similar observations with non-neuronal membranes (Chhatwal, G.S., Hessler, H.-J. and Habermann, E. (1983) Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 323, 261-268).
刺尾鱼毒素是一种从加勒比海珊瑚裸鳃类动物中分离出的毒素，它在体外可增加可兴奋膜的阳离子通透性。研究了三种膜系统：小龙虾步足神经的轴突膜、从加州电鳐电组织中分离出的富含烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体的膜，以及作为对照的人工脂质体。后者的离子通透性不受刺尾鱼毒素影响，但对于这两种生物膜，在刺尾鱼毒素浓度为0.14微摩尔时观察到阳离子通透性增加。刺尾鱼毒素诱导的阳离子通过轴突膜的流动不受河豚毒素抑制，这表明电压依赖性钠通道未参与其中。刺尾鱼毒素对富含受体的膜的作用既不被烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体的竞争性拮抗剂α-银环蛇毒素阻断，也不被受体离子通道阻滞剂三苯甲基鏻阻断。但对于轴突膜和富含受体的膜，哇巴因都是刺尾鱼毒素诱导的阳离子流动的抑制剂。有证据表明，受刺尾鱼毒素影响的并非（Na⁺ + K⁺）-ATP酶，这与对非神经元膜的类似观察结果所推测的情况不同（Chhatwal, G.S., Hessler, H.-J. 和 Habermann, E. (1983) Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 323, 261 - 268）。
