Cevidanes Aitor, Altet Laura, Chirife Andrea D, Proboste Tatiana, Millán Javier
PhD Program in Conservation Medicine, Facultad de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Andres Bello, República 252, Santiago, Chile.
Vetgenomics, Edificio Eureka, Research Facilities, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain.
Vet Microbiol. 2017 May;203:181-188. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.03.023. Epub 2017 Mar 19.
People living at the human/wildlife interface are at risk of becoming infected with Bartonella for which micromammals act as reservoir. We aimed to determine the factors related to the prevalence of Bartonella and its haplotype diversity in micromammals and in their fleas in a Mediterranean peri-urban environment. We analyzed 511 micromammals, chiefly 407 wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus), captured into Barcelona metropolitan area (Spain) in spring and autumn from 2011 to 2013 in two natural and two adjacent residential areas, their fleas (grouped in 218 monospecific pools) and 29 fetuses from six Bartonella-positive female wood mice. Amplification of a fragment of ITS was carried out by real time PCR. Prevalence was 49% (57% in the dominant species, the wood mouse), and 12 haplotypes were detected. In general, prevalence was higher in those hosts more heavily infested by fleas, coincident with higher rates of capture, in autumn than in spring, and in adults than in juveniles. Prevalence did not differ between natural and residential areas except for one prevalent haplotype, which was more frequent in natural areas. Prevalence in flea pools (58%) was only explained by Bartonella occurrence in the pool host. In 56.4% of the flea pools with identified Bartonella haplotypes, we found the same haplotype in the host and in its flea pool. Prevalence in wood mouse fetuses was 69%, with at least one infected fetus in all litters, and two litters with all the fetuses infected. indicating that vertical transmission might be important in Bartonella epidemiology in the wood mouse. There is a hazard of Bartonella infection for people living in residential areas and those visiting peri-urban natural areas in Barcelona.
生活在人类与野生动物交界地区的人们有感染巴尔通体的风险，小型哺乳动物是这种病菌的宿主。我们旨在确定地中海城郊环境中，小型哺乳动物及其跳蚤体内巴尔通体的流行率及其单倍型多样性的相关因素。我们分析了2011年至2013年春秋两季在西班牙巴塞罗那大都市区两个自然区域和两个相邻居民区捕获的511只小型哺乳动物，主要是407只林姬鼠（Apodemus sylvaticus），以及它们身上的跳蚤（分为218个单物种样本池），还有6只感染巴尔通体的雌性林姬鼠所产的29只胎儿。通过实时PCR扩增ITS片段。流行率为49%（优势物种林姬鼠的流行率为57%），共检测到12种单倍型。总体而言，跳蚤寄生较多的宿主中流行率更高，秋季捕获率高于春季，成年个体高于幼年个体。除了一种流行单倍型在自然区域更为常见外，自然区域和居民区的流行率没有差异。跳蚤样本池中的流行率（58%）仅由样本池宿主中巴尔通体的存在情况来解释。在56.4%的已鉴定巴尔通体单倍型的跳蚤样本池中，我们在宿主及其跳蚤样本池中发现了相同的单倍型。林姬鼠胎儿中的流行率为69%，所有窝中至少有一只感染胎儿，有两窝所有胎儿均被感染，这表明垂直传播在林姬鼠巴尔通体流行病学中可能很重要。生活在巴塞罗那居民区的人和前往城郊自然区域游玩的人有感染巴尔通体的风险。
