Public Health Institute/School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Public Health Institute/School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Ann Glob Health. 2017 Mar-Apr;83(2):227-233. doi: 10.1016/j.aogh.2017.02.003. Epub 2017 Apr 8.
This report presents the Brazilian experience on the elaboration of a matrix of children's environmental health indicators to the Brazilian Health Surveillance System. This experience was part of a project with the financial support of the Ministry of Health of Brazil to develop appropriate indicators for identification, measuring, and monitoring of the environmental risk factors to the children's health.
The methodology adopted for the development of the matrix of indicators of children's environmental health to Brazil comprised 3 steps. In the first step, the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the Brazilian population, aged 0-14 years, were identified, according to the data available from the Ministry of Health. The second step consisted of the identification of the Brazilian public-access information systems, with available official data regarding environmental, health, and socioeconomic conditions. In the third step, a preliminary matrix was elaborated. Correlation analyses were done to determine the indicators that would constitute the final matrix.
The selected indicators allowed the identification and surveillance of cancer, injuries, adverse birth outcomes, diarrheic and respiratory diseases, associated with environmental risk factors, in the Brazilian child population. The existing Brazilian official information systems provided data with the necessary quality for the construction of children's environmental health indicators. Nevertheless, some official systems on health information presented limitations related to the data availability over the course of time and timeliness of data capture. Concerning the environmental information, the major limitation was accessibility.
A matrix of indicators of children's environmental health to Brazil can come to contribute to the implementation of a surveillance system of children's exposure to environmental contaminants in Brazil.
本报告介绍了巴西在为巴西卫生监督系统编制儿童环境健康指标矩阵方面的经验。这一经验是在卫生部的财政支持下开展的一个项目的一部分，该项目旨在为识别、衡量和监测儿童健康的环境风险因素制定适当的指标。
为巴西制定儿童环境健康指标矩阵所采用的方法包括 3 个步骤。第一步，根据卫生部提供的现有数据，确定巴西 0-14 岁人群的主要发病和死亡原因。第二步，确定巴西公共信息系统，这些系统提供有关环境、健康和社会经济状况的可用官方数据。第三步，制定初步矩阵。进行相关分析以确定构成最终矩阵的指标。
所选指标可用于识别和监测巴西儿童人群中与环境风险因素相关的癌症、伤害、不良出生结局、腹泻和呼吸道疾病。现有的巴西官方卫生信息系统提供了构建儿童环境健康指标所需的具有必要质量的数据。然而，一些卫生信息官方系统在数据可用性随时间的变化和数据采集的及时性方面存在局限性。就环境信息而言，主要的限制是可获取性。
巴西的儿童环境健康指标矩阵有助于在巴西实施儿童接触环境污染物的监测系统。
