Mazlan Lizma Felisha, Bachek Noor Farhana, Mahamud Siti Nor Azizah, Idris Lokman Hakim, Wei Tan Sheau, Omar Abdul Rahman, Noor Mohd Hezmee Mohd
Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang Selangor, Malaysia.
Vet World. 2017 May;10(5):542-548. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.542-548. Epub 2017 May 25.
Genotype VII Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is the most predominant NDV strains that circulating in Malaysia; thus, this study was aimed to determine the susceptibility of Japanese quails toward genotype VII NDV. Clinical signs, gross pathological lesions of organs, positive detection of virus in organs and cloacal swabs, as well as the expression of the antibody titer, were used as parameters to assess the susceptibility of Japanese quails following infection of genotype VII NDV.
About 20 quails were divided into three groups (n=8 for Groups A and B; n=4 for the control group). The quails in the Groups A and B were infected via intraocular route with 0.03 ml of 103.5 ELD50 and 107.0 ELD50 of NDV strain IBS 002, respectively, while the control group received 1× phosphate-buffered saline. Cloacal swabs and necropsy were taken on day 7 post-infection for all quails were subjected to one-step reverse transcription real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) for detection of virus and examination for gross pathological lesion, respectively. Blood serums of infected quails were taken on day 10, 14, and 21 post-day infections and were subjected for hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay.
Depression and ruffled feathers, trachea rales, leg paralysis, and torticollis were shown in some of the quails in both infected groups. Based on statistical analysis, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in clinical signs between the infected groups. The results for RT-qPCR were found to be negative for all groups, and no gross pathological lesions of organs observed for quails in both infected groups. Trachea, proventriculus, and cecal tonsil were taken for the detection of NDV by RT-qPCR, and some of the organ samples showed positive detection of virus in both infected groups. HI assay showed an increase in mean titers of antibody across time and between infected groups.
In summary, Japanese quails are susceptible to genotype VII NDV based on parameters assessed.
基因型VII新城疫病毒（NDV）是在马来西亚流行的最主要的NDV毒株；因此，本研究旨在确定日本鹌鹑对基因型VII NDV的易感性。将临床症状、器官的大体病理病变、器官和泄殖腔拭子中病毒的阳性检测以及抗体滴度的表达作为参数，以评估日本鹌鹑感染基因型VII NDV后的易感性。
约20只鹌鹑分为三组（A组和B组每组n = 8；对照组n = 4）。A组和B组的鹌鹑分别通过眼内途径感染0.03 ml 103.5 ELD50和107.0 ELD50的NDV毒株IBS 002，而对照组接受1×磷酸盐缓冲盐水。在感染后第7天对所有鹌鹑采集泄殖腔拭子并进行尸检，分别对其进行一步反转录实时定量聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）检测病毒以及检查大体病理病变。在感染后第10、14和21天采集感染鹌鹑的血清并进行血凝抑制（HI）试验。
两个感染组的一些鹌鹑出现精神沉郁、羽毛蓬乱、气管啰音、腿部麻痹和斜颈。基于统计分析，感染组之间的临床症状无显著差异（p>0.05）。RT-qPCR结果显示所有组均为阴性，且两个感染组的鹌鹑均未观察到器官的大体病理病变。采集气管、腺胃和盲肠扁桃体通过RT-qPCR检测NDV，两个感染组的一些器官样本显示病毒检测呈阳性。HI试验显示抗体平均滴度随时间和感染组之间均有所增加。
总之，基于所评估的参数，日本鹌鹑对基因型VII NDV易感。
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