Chinde Srinivas, Grover Paramjit
Pharmacology and Toxicology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India; Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Osmania University Main Road, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India.
Pharmacology and Toxicology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India.
Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen. 2017 Jul;819:1-13. doi: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2017.05.003. Epub 2017 May 4.
Tungsten oxide (WO) nanoparticles (NPs) are being used in various applications. However, the health consequences of WO NPs exposure have not been explored extensively. Hence, the goal of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of WO NPs and their microparticles (MPs) after 28days repeated oral administration in Wistar rats. The particles were characterised by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV), Brunner-Emmett-Teller (BET), X- ray diffraction (XRD), and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). Genotoxicity was determined using comet assay in blood and liver and micronucleus test in bone marrow. Biochemical parameters such as aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in serum and reduced glutathione content, catalase and lipid peroxidation in liver tissue were determined. Histopathological changes in tissues were documented. Biodistribution of tungsten (W) in rat's blood, urine, feces and tissues were analysed. The mean size of WO NPs and MPs by TEM was 52±2.97nm, and 5.73±7.58μm and morphology were spherical in both the particles. DLS of NPs was 195.6nm. XRD and BET data of WO NPs and MPs showed a hexagonal and tetragonal crystal structure and surface area of 19.33 and 15.15(m/g), respectively. The results revealed a significant increase in DNA damage and micronuclei, a difference in biochemical levels and histopathological alterations after exposure to 1000mg/kg dose of WO NPs. W biodistribution was detected in all the tissues in a dose and organ-dependent manner in both the particles. The highest amount of W was found in the liver and lowest in the brain of the treated rats. The tested NPs were found to have little toxicity hazard.
氧化钨（WO）纳米颗粒（NPs）正被应用于各种领域。然而，氧化钨纳米颗粒暴露对健康的影响尚未得到广泛研究。因此，本研究的目的是评估在Wistar大鼠中连续28天经口重复给予氧化钨纳米颗粒及其微粒（MPs）后的毒性。通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）、动态光散射（DLS）、激光多普勒测速仪（LDV）、布鲁诺-埃米特-泰勒（BET）、X射线衍射（XRD）和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪（ICP-OES）对颗粒进行了表征。使用彗星试验检测血液和肝脏中的遗传毒性，并通过骨髓微核试验进行测定。测定了血清中的天冬氨酸转氨酶和丙氨酸转氨酶等生化参数，以及肝组织中的还原型谷胱甘肽含量、过氧化氢酶和脂质过氧化水平。记录了组织中的组织病理学变化。分析了大鼠血液、尿液、粪便和组织中钨（W）的生物分布。通过TEM测定，氧化钨纳米颗粒和微粒的平均尺寸分别为52±2.97nm和5.73±7.58μm，两种颗粒的形态均为球形。纳米颗粒的DLS为195.6nm。氧化钨纳米颗粒和微粒的XRD和BET数据显示，其晶体结构分别为六方和四方结构，表面积分别为19.33和15.15（m/g）。结果显示，在给予1000mg/kg剂量的氧化钨纳米颗粒后，DNA损伤和微核显著增加，生化水平和组织病理学改变存在差异。两种颗粒中，钨在所有组织中的生物分布均呈现剂量和器官依赖性。在处理过的大鼠中，肝脏中钨的含量最高，大脑中最低。经测试，这些纳米颗粒的毒性危害较小。
