Lin Tingting, Wang Changbo, Liu Xin, Gao Fen, Xiao Dongxue, Zhang Dong, Zhu Xialian
East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 200090, PR China.
Dis Aquat Organ. 2017 Jun 19;125(1):45-52. doi: 10.3354/dao03135.
Gastrointestinal disease is one of the most serious diseases in cultured seahorse juveniles. Treatment with antimicrobials of live food (i.e. copepods and Artemia) that is used to feed the juveniles may be a promising measure to alleviate the occurrence of gastrointestinal disease. However, relevant investigations are rare. In the present study, we first investigated the antimicrobial efficacies on bacteria within copepods that were treated with 4 antimicrobials, including 3 antibiotics (i.e. enrofloxacin hydrochloride, oxytetracycline and rifampicin [RFP]) that are approved for use in aquaculture and 1 disinfectant (i.e. povidone iodine). We then assessed the effects of copepods treated with the antimicrobial that had the best antimicrobial efficacy on survival, growth performance and immune capacity of juvenile lined seahorses Hippocampus erectus. The results showed that RFP had the best antimicrobial efficacy on both Pseudoalteromonas spp. and Vibrio spp., 2 dominant bacteria with potential pathogenicity within the copepods; the proper concentration of RFP was 6 mg l-1. Moreover, H. erectus juveniles fed with RFP-treated copepods demonstrated an improved survivorship and immune capacity and had a lower abundance of pathogenic bacteria within their gastrointestinal tracts compared to juveniles fed with untreated copepods. These results suggest that treating live food with RFP is a potential measure for reducing the incidence of gastrointestinal disease in seahorse juveniles.
胃肠疾病是养殖海马幼体中最严重的疾病之一。用抗菌剂处理用于喂养幼体的活饵（即桡足类和卤虫）可能是减轻胃肠疾病发生的一种有前景的措施。然而，相关研究很少。在本研究中，我们首先研究了4种抗菌剂对桡足类体内细菌的抗菌效果，这4种抗菌剂包括3种水产养殖中批准使用的抗生素（即盐酸恩诺沙星、土霉素和利福平[RFP]）和1种消毒剂（即聚维酮碘）。然后，我们评估了用抗菌效果最佳的抗菌剂处理过的桡足类对直立海马幼体的存活、生长性能和免疫能力的影响。结果表明，利福平对桡足类体内2种具有潜在致病性的优势细菌——假交替单胞菌属和弧菌属都具有最佳抗菌效果；利福平的适宜浓度为6 mg l-1。此外，与喂食未处理桡足类的幼体相比，喂食经利福平处理桡足类的直立海马幼体存活率和免疫能力有所提高，其胃肠道内病原菌丰度较低。这些结果表明，用利福平处理活饵是降低海马幼体胃肠疾病发病率的一种潜在措施。
