Peters Harry P F, Schrauwen Patrick, Verhoef Petra, Byrne Christopher D, Mela David J, Pfeiffer Andreas F H, Risérus Ulf, Rosendaal Frits R, Schrauwen-Hinderling Vera
Unilever R&D Vlaardingen, Olivier van Noortlaan 120, Vlaardingen, The Netherlands.
Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
J Nutr Sci. 2017 May 8;6:e15. doi: 10.1017/jns.2017.13. eCollection 2017.
Currently it is estimated that about 1 billion people globally have non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a condition in which liver fat exceeds 5 % of liver weight in the absence of significant alcohol intake. Due to the central role of the liver in metabolism, the prevalence of NAFLD is increasing in parallel with the prevalence of obesity, insulin resistance and other risk factors of metabolic diseases. However, the contribution of liver fat to the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and CVD, relative to other ectopic fat depots and to other risk markers, is unclear. Various studies have suggested that the accumulation of liver fat can be reduced or prevented via dietary changes. However, the amount of liver fat reduction that would be physiologically relevant, and the timeframes and dose-effect relationships for achieving this through different diet-based approaches, are unclear. Also, it is still uncertain whether the changes in liver fat or the associated metabolic changes are relevant. Furthermore, the methods available to measure liver fat, or even individual fatty acids, differ in sensitivity and reliability. The present report summarises key messages of presentations from different experts and related discussions from a workshop intended to capture current views and research gaps relating to the points above.
目前估计，全球约有10亿人患有非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD），即在无大量饮酒的情况下，肝脏脂肪超过肝脏重量的5%。由于肝脏在新陈代谢中起着核心作用，NAFLD的患病率与肥胖、胰岛素抵抗及其他代谢性疾病风险因素的患病率同步上升。然而，相对于其他异位脂肪沉积和其他风险标志物，肝脏脂肪对2型糖尿病和心血管疾病风险的影响尚不清楚。多项研究表明，通过改变饮食可以减少或预防肝脏脂肪的积累。然而，生理上相关的肝脏脂肪减少量，以及通过不同饮食方法实现这一目标的时间框架和剂量效应关系尚不清楚。此外，肝脏脂肪或相关代谢变化是否相关仍不确定。此外，用于测量肝脏脂肪甚至单个脂肪酸的现有方法在灵敏度和可靠性方面存在差异。本报告总结了不同专家演讲的关键信息以及一个研讨会的相关讨论，该研讨会旨在梳理与上述要点相关的当前观点和研究空白。
