Division of Risk Assessment and International Cooperation, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, South Korea.
School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea.
Asia Pac Psychiatry. 2018 Mar;10(1). doi: 10.1111/appy.12289. Epub 2017 Jun 20.
Little is known about the association between prescribing of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medication and the patient's age, gender, and type of medical institution in Asia region.
This study investigates the prevalence and factors of diagnosis and pharmacological treatment of ADHD in the pediatric population.
Using the Korea Health Insurance database, study participants were identified as pediatric patients (≤17 years) with at least 1 diagnosis of ADHD (ICD-10, F90) from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2011. The annual prevalence of ADHD diagnosis and medication was calculated. Annual differences in the prevalence between 2007 and 2011 with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. We conducted multiple logistic regression analysis to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and their 95% CI to investigate predictors associated with prescribing of ADHD medication.
The prevalence of ADHD medication prescribing increased by 26.57% (95% CI, 26.27-26.88) from 0.53% in 2007 to 0.72% in 2011. The prevalence increased by 41.56% (95% CI, 40.51-42.65) in females compared with 34.91% (95% CI, 34.47-35.36) in males. Whereas the prevalence decreased in patients younger than 6 years old, it increased by 74.30% (95% CI, 72.84-75.79) in the 13 to 17-year group. Males were more likely than females to be treated with ADHD medication (aOR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.10-1.13). Physician specialty (psychiatry vs non-psychiatry) (aOR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.34-1.40) were associated with prescribing of ADHD medication.
Rapid increases in the diagnosis and pharmacological treatment of ADHD in the pediatric population have been observed. While demographic characteristics were similar to other countries, provider characteristics were different with others reporting that the majority of patients were treated by physicians specializing in psychiatry.
在亚洲地区，关于注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）药物处方与患者年龄、性别和医疗机构类型之间的关系知之甚少。
本研究调查了儿科人群中 ADHD 的诊断和药物治疗的流行情况和相关因素。
使用韩国健康保险数据库，研究参与者被确定为 2007 年 1 月 1 日至 2011 年 12 月 31 日期间至少有 1 次 ADHD（ICD-10，F90）诊断的儿科患者（≤17 岁）。计算 ADHD 诊断和药物治疗的年患病率。使用 95%置信区间（CI）估计 2007 年至 2011 年之间患病率的年度差异。我们进行了多因素逻辑回归分析，以估计与 ADHD 药物处方相关的调整后优势比（aOR）及其 95%CI。
ADHD 药物治疗的患病率从 2007 年的 0.53%增加到 2011 年的 0.72%，增加了 26.57%（95%CI，26.27-26.88）。与男性相比，女性的患病率增加了 41.56%（95%CI，40.51-42.65），而 6 岁以下患者的患病率下降。13 至 17 岁组的患病率增加了 74.30%（95%CI，72.84-75.79）。与女性相比，男性更有可能接受 ADHD 药物治疗（aOR，1.12；95%CI，1.10-1.13）。医生专业（精神科与非精神科）（aOR，1.37；95%CI，1.34-1.40）与 ADHD 药物治疗相关。
在儿科人群中，ADHD 的诊断和药物治疗迅速增加。尽管人口统计学特征与其他国家相似，但提供者特征与其他国家不同，其他国家报告称大多数患者由专门从事精神病学的医生治疗。
