Barbosa Maricele Nascimento, Mota Maria Teresa da Silva, Barbosa Marcela Nascimento
Departamento de Fisiologia, Centro de Biociências, UFRN, Caixa Postal 1511, Campus Universitário, Natal-RN, Brazil.
Instituto de química, UFRN, Natal-RN, Brazil.
Am J Primatol. 2017 Sep;79(9). doi: 10.1002/ajp.22682. Epub 2017 Jun 20.
Among mammals, alloparental care can be influenced by hormones as well as by previous experience and sensory stimuli from the infants, such as sight and sound, smell, and physical contact with the infant. To determine the responsiveness of common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) nonreproductive females and males with and without previous experience in caretaking to infant sensory cues, we exposed 12 females and 12 males to vocalization recordings for 10 min under two conditions: (1) exposure to adult conspecific vocalization recordings, and (2) exposure to infant vocalization recordings. We recorded the frequency of approach toward the sound source, the time spent near it and locomotion frequency of males and females in the cage under both conditions. Blood samples were collected after each test for cortisol measuring by EIA method. The infant vocalization affects the behavioral and hormonal responses of males and females of common marmosets. The animals approached and spent more time near the sound source and showed an increase in locomotion during infant vocalization exposure compared to the adult vocalization. However, there was no significant difference in the behavioral response of animals when previous experience and the sex were taken into account. In both sexes, cortisol levels were significantly higher following infant vocalization exposure compared to the adult vocalization. These findings suggest that the infant vocalization appears to be an effective cue that facilitates the approach of the caregiver and maintaining their responsiveness and that the cortisol seems to be important for alertness to sensory stimuli, modulating their motivation to interact with the infant.
在哺乳动物中，异亲照料会受到激素的影响，也会受到以往经验以及来自幼崽的感官刺激的影响，比如视觉、声音、气味以及与幼崽的身体接触。为了确定普通狨猴（Callithrix jacchus）有无照料经验的非繁殖期雌性和雄性对幼崽感官线索的反应能力，我们在两种条件下让12只雌性和12只雄性接触10分钟的发声录音：（1）接触成年同种个体的发声录音，（2）接触幼崽的发声录音。我们记录了在两种条件下笼子里雄性和雌性接近声源的频率、在声源附近停留的时间以及运动频率。每次测试后采集血样，采用酶免疫分析法测量皮质醇。幼崽的发声会影响普通狨猴雄性和雌性的行为和激素反应。与成年发声相比，动物在接触幼崽发声时会更靠近声源并在其附近停留更长时间，且运动增加。然而，考虑到以往经验和性别因素时，动物的行为反应没有显著差异。在两性中，与成年发声相比，接触幼崽发声后皮质醇水平显著更高。这些发现表明，幼崽的发声似乎是一种有效的线索，有助于照料者接近并保持其反应能力，而且皮质醇似乎对于对感官刺激的警觉性很重要，可调节它们与幼崽互动的动机。
