Durbin Anna, Wilder-Smith Annelies
a Center for Immunization Research , Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore , Maryland , USA.
b Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore , Singapore.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2017 Aug;16(8):781-787. doi: 10.1080/14760584.2017.1345309.
The devastating consequences of congenital Zika virus (ZIKV) infection led to a global response directed toward a better understanding of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of ZIKV and to efforts at vaccine development. As a result, there are currently 45 ZIKV vaccine candidates in development. Areas covered: Both traditional (purified inactivated, live attenuated, viral-vectored, recombinant sub-unit) and novel (DNA, self-replicating RNA, mRNA) vaccine platforms are being utilized. For emergency use, vaccines that are appropriate for women of child-bearing age (including pregnant women) are being developed. Live vaccines that may be contraindicated in pregnancy are also in development for potential inclusion in national immunization programmes in childhood or pre-teenage age groups. WHO developed a target product profile for Zika vaccines for use in an emergency. Expert commentary: Although ZIKV vaccine development had a quick head start, further development may be hampered because of the inability to conduct large efficacy trials with the decline in cases globally and unpredictability of new outbreaks. Furthermore, there are complex ethical issues involved in conducting efficacy trials in pregnant women.
先天性寨卡病毒（ZIKV）感染的严重后果引发了全球响应，旨在更好地了解ZIKV的流行病学和发病机制，并努力开发疫苗。目前，有45种寨卡病毒候选疫苗正在研发中。涵盖领域：传统（纯化灭活、减毒活疫苗、病毒载体、重组亚单位）和新型（DNA、自我复制RNA、mRNA）疫苗平台均在被利用。为满足紧急使用需求，正在研发适合育龄妇女（包括孕妇）的疫苗。妊娠期间可能禁忌的活疫苗也在研发中，有可能纳入儿童或青少年前期年龄组的国家免疫规划。世卫组织制定了用于紧急情况的寨卡疫苗目标产品概况。专家评论：尽管寨卡病毒疫苗研发迅速起步，但由于全球病例数下降且新疫情不可预测，无法进行大规模疗效试验，进一步的研发可能会受到阻碍。此外，在孕妇中进行疗效试验还涉及复杂的伦理问题。
