An Ruopeng, Jiang Ning
Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.
School of Economics and Resource Management, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
Nutr Res. 2017 Jun;42:64-70. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2017.04.013. Epub 2017 May 4.
It was hypothesized that frozen yogurt and ice cream would be less healthy than yogurt. We examined daily energy and nutrient intake from yogurt, frozen yogurt, and ice cream among US adults. In-person 24-hour dietary recall data (n=6453) came from the 1999-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Regression analyses were performed to examine the differences in energy/nutrient intake from frozen yogurt and ice cream (with/without toppings) in comparison to yogurt. Approximately 5.3%, 0.9%, and 14.3% of US adults consumed yogurt, frozen yogurt, and ice cream on any given day, respectively. Among frozen yogurt and ice cream consumers, 29.7% and 14.8% added toppings to their consumption, respectively. Compared with yogurt, frozen yogurt consumption with and without toppings was associated with increased daily energy intake by 214.6 and 97.9kj, respectively; whereas ice cream consumption with and without toppings was associated with increased daily energy intake by 427.2 and 343.5kj, respectively. Compared with yogurt, frozen yogurt consumption was associated with a decreased intake of most vitamins/minerals under examination, but increased intake of sugar, total/saturated fat, cholesterol, fiber, and iron. Adding toppings to frozen yogurt further increased total and saturated fat intake. Compared with yogurt, ice cream consumption was associated with a decreased intake of multiple micronutrients, but increased intake of sugar, total/saturated fat, cholesterol, fiber, vitamins A and E, and iron. Adding toppings to ice cream further increased sugar intake. In conclusion, frozen yogurt and ice cream were less healthy than yogurt, and adding toppings made them even less desirable.
据推测，冷冻酸奶和冰淇淋的健康程度不如酸奶。我们研究了美国成年人从酸奶、冷冻酸奶和冰淇淋中每日摄入的能量和营养成分。24小时现场饮食回忆数据（n = 6453）来自1999 - 2014年国家健康和营养检查调查。进行回归分析以检验与酸奶相比，冷冻酸奶和冰淇淋（有无配料）在能量/营养摄入方面的差异。大约5.3%、0.9%和14.3%的美国成年人在任何一天分别食用了酸奶、冷冻酸奶和冰淇淋。在食用冷冻酸奶和冰淇淋的人群中，分别有29.7%和14.8%的人在食用时添加了配料。与酸奶相比，食用有配料和无配料的冷冻酸奶分别使每日能量摄入增加214.6千焦和97.9千焦；而食用有配料和无配料的冰淇淋分别使每日能量摄入增加427.2千焦和343.5千焦。与酸奶相比，食用冷冻酸奶与大多数被检测的维生素/矿物质摄入量减少有关，但糖、总脂肪/饱和脂肪、胆固醇、纤维和铁的摄入量增加。给冷冻酸奶添加配料会进一步增加总脂肪和饱和脂肪的摄入量。与酸奶相比，食用冰淇淋与多种微量营养素摄入量减少有关，但糖、总脂肪/饱和脂肪、胆固醇、纤维、维生素A和E以及铁的摄入量增加。给冰淇淋添加配料会进一步增加糖的摄入量。总之，冷冻酸奶和冰淇淋不如酸奶健康，添加配料会使它们更不理想。
