Kolykhalov I V
Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia.
Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2016;116(6):87-92. doi: 10.17116/jnevro20161166187-92.
Currently, substitution therapy is the main focus in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is aimed at overcoming neurotransmitter deficits in a variety of neuronal systems affected in AD. To overcome the cholinergic insufficiency, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (rivastigmine, donepezil and galantamine) are primarily used. The efficacy and safety of these drugs in AD have been convincingly shown in numerous clinical trials in different countries. Memantine is the main drug in glutamatergic strategies in the treatment of AD, which has a neuroprotective effect and relieves symptoms at the level of the remaining glutamatergic synapses. Some other formulations (cerebrolysin, nicergoline etc) can be also applied as vasoactive and neuroprotective agents.
目前，替代疗法是治疗阿尔茨海默病（AD）的主要焦点。其目的是克服AD中受影响的各种神经元系统中的神经递质缺陷。为了克服胆碱能不足，主要使用乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂（利伐斯的明、多奈哌齐和加兰他敏）。这些药物在AD中的疗效和安全性已在不同国家的众多临床试验中得到令人信服的证明。美金刚是治疗AD的谷氨酸能策略中的主要药物，它具有神经保护作用，并在剩余的谷氨酸能突触水平上缓解症状。一些其他制剂（脑蛋白水解物、尼麦角林等）也可作为血管活性和神经保护剂应用。
