Zalyalova Z A
Kazan State Medical University, Kazan.
Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2017;117(1):85-89. doi: 10.17116/jnevro20171171185-89.
Salivation after stroke (sialorrhea, hypersalivation, ptyalism) can be caused by the overproduction or a lack of utilization of saliva. Patients after stroke often have sialorrhea as a result of dysphagia. Neurogenic dysphagia in acute period after stroke occurs in 25-65% of patients. The mortality rate among people with post-stroke dysphagia and tube feeding ranges from 20 to 24%. Patients who suffering from profuse salivation have difficulties with articulation and swallowing, bad breath, irritation and maceration of perioral area, contamination of clothing and bed linen. Profuse salivation increases caregiver burden as well. Psychologically, profuse salivation leads to lower self-esteem and social isolation. Pulmonary aspiration is the most serious complication of sialorrhea. Injections of botulinum toxins in the large salivary glands and the m. cricopharyngeus are the most effective method of treatment.
中风后流涎（唾液分泌过多、唾液分泌亢进、流涎症）可能由唾液分泌过多或唾液利用不足引起。中风后的患者常因吞咽困难而出现流涎。中风急性期神经源性吞咽困难在25%至65%的患者中发生。中风后吞咽困难且需管饲的患者死亡率在20%至24%之间。流涎过多的患者存在发音和吞咽困难、口臭、口周区域刺激和浸渍、衣物和床单污染等问题。流涎过多也会增加护理人员的负担。在心理上，流涎过多会导致自尊降低和社交孤立。肺误吸是流涎最严重的并发症。在大唾液腺和环咽肌注射肉毒杆菌毒素是最有效的治疗方法。
