Department of Safety Sciences, College of Health and Human Services, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, 1010 Oakland Avenue, Indiana, PA 15705, USA.
Department of Physical Therapy, Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences, Bouvé College of Health Science, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Ann Work Expo Health. 2017 Jul 1;61(6):669-680. doi: 10.1093/annweh/wxx043.
This study characterized whole-body vibration exposures in a set of vehicles that operate in open-pit mines and compared three different daily exposure parameters based on the ISO 2631-1:1997 and ISO 2631-5:2004 standards. Full-shift, 6 to 12-hour, continuous whole-body vibration measurements were collected from 11 representative types of vehicles in terms of hours of operation and number of vehicles used. For each type of vehicle, the exposure parameters (A(8), VDV(8), and Sed(8)) were calculated for each axis (x, y, and z), and in addition, shear or horizontal (∑xy) and vector sum (∑xyx) whole-body vibration exposure. Findings showed that: (i) substantially higher shear and vector sum whole-body vibration exposures indicated relatively high levels of exposure on the non-predominant axis; (ii) the predominant axis of exposure varied across the different type of vehicles; (iii) there were differences in whole-body vibration exposure parameters regarding the standards-based predictions of potentially adverse health outcomes (the impulsive exposure parameters VDV(8) and Sed(8) were higher and reduced acceptable vehicle operation times by one-half to two-thirds relative to A(8) exposures); and (iv) based on the predominant exposures and the time to reach daily vibration action limits, the operation of most mining vehicles would be limited to less than 8 hours a day. Differences in whole-body vibration exposure parameters impact the prediction of potentially adverse health outcomes and may introduce some uncertainty regarding how to best characterize a vehicle operator's actual exposure.
本研究对在露天矿中运行的一组车辆的全身振动暴露情况进行了特征描述，并根据 ISO 2631-1:1997 和 ISO 2631-5:2004 标准比较了三种不同的每日暴露参数。根据操作小时数和使用车辆数，从 11 种具有代表性的车辆类型中采集了完整班次、6 至 12 小时连续的全身振动测量数据。对于每种类型的车辆，计算了暴露参数（A(8)、VDV(8)和 Sed(8)）的每个轴（x、y 和 z），以及剪切或水平（∑xy）和矢量和（∑xyx）全身振动暴露。结果表明：(i) 较高的剪切和矢量和全身振动暴露表明在非主导轴上存在较高的暴露水平；(ii) 暴露的主导轴因不同类型的车辆而异；(iii) 与潜在不利健康后果的基于标准的预测相比，全身振动暴露参数存在差异（脉冲暴露参数 VDV(8)和 Sed(8)较高，使可接受的车辆操作时间减少了一半至三分之二）；(iv) 基于主要暴露和达到每日振动行动限值的时间，大多数采矿车辆的操作时间将限制在每天 8 小时以内。全身振动暴露参数的差异会影响潜在不利健康后果的预测，并且可能在如何最好地描述车辆操作人员的实际暴露方面带来一些不确定性。
