Zhang Haifeng, Loi Samantha M, Zhou Shu'aijun, Zhao Mei, Lv Xiaozhen, Wang Jing, Wang Xiao, Lautenschlager Nicola, Yu Xin, Wang Huali
Dementia Care and Research Center, Peking University Institute of Mental Health (Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.
Beijing Key Laboratory for Translational Research on Diagnosis and Treatment of Dementia, Beijing, China.
Front Public Health. 2017 Jun 7;5:124. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00124. eCollection 2017.
Delay in seeking diagnosis of dementia is common in China. Misinformation and poor knowledge about dementia may contribute to it. The study was designed to explore the nationwide dementia literacy among older adults in urban China and to investigate the factors associated with overall dementia literacy.
In a cross-sectional study, a convenience sample of 3,439 community-dwelling old adults aged 60 and over was recruited from 34 cities in 20 provinces between June 20 and August 20, 2014. All participants were administered the face-to-face mental health literacy questionnaire, which included the prevalence, symptoms, intention, and options for treatment of dementia. Stepwise multivariate regression analysis was used to explore factors associated with overall dementia literacy.
The response rate was 87.4%. The overall dementia literacy was 55.5% (SD = 20.9%) among all respondents. The correct response rate was higher for questions on symptoms (58.7-89.6%), but lower for questions on the prevalence (22.2%) and choosing appropriate professional care personnel (22.2%). Being male [ = 1.256, 95% CI (1.022-1.543)], having lower per capita annual income [OR = 1.314, 95% CI (1.064-1.623)], lower education [OR = 1.462, 95% CI (1.162-1.839)], and suspected depression [OR = 1.248, 95% CI (1.009-1.543)] were negatively associated with overall dementia literacy.
Dementia literacy among community-dwelling older adults in urban China remains very low, in particular about the impact of dementia and appropriate treatment personnel. Community educational programs aiming to close this knowledge gap are encouraged to focus on those in the population at highest risk of low dementia literacy.
在中国，痴呆症诊断延迟的情况很常见。关于痴呆症的错误信息和知识匮乏可能是导致这一现象的原因。本研究旨在探讨中国城市老年人对痴呆症的全国性认知水平，并调查与整体痴呆症认知相关的因素。
在一项横断面研究中，于2014年6月20日至8月20日期间，从20个省份的34个城市招募了3439名年龄在60岁及以上的社区居住老年人作为便利样本。所有参与者都接受了面对面的心理健康素养问卷，其中包括痴呆症的患病率、症状、治疗意向和治疗选择。采用逐步多元回归分析来探讨与整体痴呆症认知相关的因素。
应答率为87.4%。所有受访者的整体痴呆症认知水平为55.5%（标准差=20.9%）。关于症状问题的正确应答率较高（58.7 - 89.6%），但关于患病率问题（22.2%）和选择合适的专业护理人员问题（22.2%）的正确应答率较低。男性[比值比=1.256，95%置信区间（1.022 - 1.543）]、人均年收入较低[比值比=1.314，95%置信区间（1.064 - 1.623）]、教育程度较低[比值比=1.462，95%置信区间（1.162 - 1.839）]以及疑似抑郁症[比值比=1.248，95%置信区间（1.009 - 1.543）]与整体痴呆症认知呈负相关。
中国城市社区居住老年人的痴呆症认知水平仍然很低，尤其是关于痴呆症的影响和合适治疗人员方面。鼓励旨在缩小这一知识差距的社区教育项目关注痴呆症认知水平低风险最高的人群。
