Asztalos Márton, Ungvari Gabor S, Gazdag Gábor
J ECT. 2017 Dec;33(4):260-263. doi: 10.1097/YCT.0000000000000428.
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) was rarely used in Hungary in 2002, and the majority of patients receiving ECT were diagnosed with schizophrenia. This study aimed to explore the use of ECT in Hungary in 2014.
Two semi-structured questionnaires were sent to all acute adult psychiatric units in Hungary. The first questionnaire contained items concerning ECT use, and the second explored the reasons for not using ECT.
Fifty-eight acute psychiatric inpatient units were identified, and 54 replied. Although 27 indicated that they used ECT, only 22 actually performed ECT in 2014. Thirty-one units did not offer ECT at all. In 2014, 174 patients received ECT in Hungary, constituting 0.59% of all inpatients treated in the departments where it was offered, equating to 0.176 patients/10,000 population. The indication for ECT shifted from schizophrenia in 2002 (55.6%) to mood disorders in 2014 (58.5%), but the absolute number of ECT-treated patients with mood disorders (110 vs 102) did not change. Reasons for not using ECT included the lack of an ECT machine, unavailability of an anesthesiologist, lack of finances, and lack of experienced staff.
In view of the high frequency of depression and suicide in Hungary, it is very likely that a significant minority of patients who would benefit from ECT cannot access it, which constitutes a violation of their right to the best possible treatment. The main reasons for the inadequate ECT service are the underfinanced hospital system and a lack of necessary knowledge.
2002年匈牙利很少使用电休克疗法(ECT),接受ECT治疗的大多数患者被诊断为精神分裂症。本研究旨在探讨2014年匈牙利ECT的使用情况。
向匈牙利所有成人急性精神科病房发放两份半结构化问卷。第一份问卷包含有关ECT使用的项目,第二份问卷探讨不使用ECT的原因。
确定了58个急性精神科住院病房,54个进行了回复。尽管27个表示他们使用ECT,但2014年实际实施ECT的只有22个。31个病房根本不提供ECT。2014年,匈牙利有174名患者接受了ECT治疗,占提供ECT治疗科室所有住院患者的0.59%,相当于每10000人中有0.176名患者。ECT的适应症从2002年的精神分裂症(55.6%)转变为2014年的情绪障碍(58.5%),但接受ECT治疗的情绪障碍患者的绝对数量(110例对102例)没有变化。不使用ECT的原因包括缺乏ECT设备、没有麻醉医生、资金不足以及缺乏经验丰富的工作人员。
鉴于匈牙利抑郁症和自杀的高发率,很可能有相当一部分能从ECT中获益的患者无法接受该治疗,这侵犯了他们获得最佳治疗的权利。ECT服务不足的主要原因是医院系统资金不足和缺乏必要的知识。