Mandilaras Victoria, Vernon Mégane, Meryet-Figuière Matthieu, Karakasis Katherine, Lambert Bernard, Poulain Laurent, Oza Amit, Denoyelle Christophe, Lheureux Stephanie
a Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre , University Health Network , Toronto , Canada.
b INSERM U1086 "ANTICIPE" (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancers Prevention and Treatment, Axis BioTICLA "Biology and Innovative Therapeutics for Ovarian Cancers") , Normandie Univ, UNICAEN , Caen , France.
Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2017 Aug;17(8):927-943. doi: 10.1080/14712598.2017.1340935. Epub 2017 Jun 22.
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the second most common and the most lethal of the gynecological malignancies. Currently, there exists no effective screening tool for OC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous 18-23 nucleotide non-coding RNAs that refine gene expression. MiRNAs have been found to be aberrantly expressed in OC tumor tissue as well as detectable in biological fluids such as the blood, urine, and ascites and have been proposed as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for OC. Areas covered: This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the application of miRNAs as diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers in OC. It describes the various tissues allowing for the analysis of miRNAs such as tumor tissue, blood, ascites and urine. It also highlights the potential of miRNAs as a therapy in other cancers and how these therapies may be applied to ovarian cancer. Expert opinion: The study of miRNAs is an innovative and promising field for the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer. Methodological issues surrounding their detection and application therapeutically remain, such as the study of various OC histotypes within the same cohort, the choice of 'normal tissue' for comparison and the difficulties surrounding the choice of a normalization miRNA.
卵巢癌（OC）是第二常见且最致命的妇科恶性肿瘤。目前，尚无针对OC的有效筛查工具。微小RNA（miRNA）是长度为18 - 23个核苷酸的内源性非编码RNA，可调控基因表达。已发现miRNA在OC肿瘤组织中异常表达，且在血液、尿液和腹水等生物体液中可检测到，因此被提议作为OC的生物标志物和治疗靶点。涵盖领域：本综述总结了目前关于miRNA在OC中作为诊断、预后和预测生物标志物应用的相关知识。它描述了可用于分析miRNA的各种组织，如肿瘤组织、血液、腹水和尿液。还强调了miRNA作为其他癌症治疗手段的潜力以及这些疗法如何应用于卵巢癌。专家观点：miRNA的研究对于卵巢癌的诊断和治疗是一个创新且有前景的领域。围绕其检测和治疗应用仍存在方法学问题，例如在同一队列中研究各种OC组织学类型、选择用于比较的“正常组织”以及选择标准化miRNA所面临的困难。
