Calvo Michele, MacFarlane Jessica, Zaccaro Heather, Curtis Matthew, Cabán María, Favaro Jamie, Passannante Marian R, Frost Taeko
Injection Drug Users Health Alliance (IDUHA), New York, NY 10001, United States; Rutgers University School of Public Health, Newark, NJ 07101, United States.
Injection Drug Users Health Alliance (IDUHA), New York, NY 10001, United States; Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, United States.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2017 Sep 1;178:106-114. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.04.032. Epub 2017 Jun 15.
Little is known about the engagement of young people who use drugs (PWUD) in harm reduction programs (HRPs), and few studies have included non-opioid users and non-injectors. While HRPs have effectively engaged PWUD, young people are under-represented in their services.
The Injection Drug Users Health Alliance Citywide Study (IDUCS) is the largest community-based study of PWUD in HRPs in the US. From 2014-2015, 2421 HRP participants across New York City (NYC) completed a cross-sectional survey. We investigated differences in socio-demographics, service utilization, and risk behaviors between young (aged 18-30) and older participants and examined factors associated with overdose among young participants.
The study included 257 young participants. They were significantly more likely than older participants to be white, educated, uninsured, unstably housed or homeless, and have a history of incarceration and residential drug treatment. They were more likely to report recent overdose but less likely to report knowledge of naloxone. Young participants also had higher rates of alcohol, marijuana, benzodiazepine, and injection drug use, and related risk behaviors such as public injection. Factors associated with past year overdose among young participants included experiencing symptoms of psychological distress (AOR=9.71), being unstably housed or homeless (AOR=4.39), and utilizing detox (AOR=4.20).
Young PWUD who access services at HRPs in NYC differ significantly from their older counterparts. New York City and other urban centers that attract young PWUD should consider implementing harm reduction oriented services tailored to the unique needs of young people.
关于吸毒青年（PWUD）参与减少伤害项目（HRPs）的情况知之甚少，很少有研究纳入非阿片类药物使用者和非注射者。虽然减少伤害项目有效地吸引了吸毒青年，但年轻人在这些服务中的代表性不足。
注射吸毒者健康联盟全市范围研究（IDUCS）是美国针对参与减少伤害项目的吸毒青年开展的最大规模的社区研究。2014年至2015年期间，纽约市（NYC）的2421名参与减少伤害项目的人员完成了一项横断面调查。我们调查了年轻（18至30岁）和年长参与者在社会人口统计学、服务利用和风险行为方面的差异，并研究了与年轻参与者过量用药相关的因素。
该研究纳入了257名年轻参与者。与年长参与者相比，他们显著更有可能是白人、受过教育、未参保、居住不稳定或无家可归，并且有监禁和住院戒毒史。他们更有可能报告近期过量用药，但报告了解纳洛酮的可能性较小。年轻参与者的酒精、大麻、苯二氮䓬类药物和注射吸毒使用率以及公共注射等相关风险行为的发生率也更高。与年轻参与者过去一年过量用药相关的因素包括经历心理困扰症状（调整后比值比[AOR]=9.71）、居住不稳定或无家可归（AOR=4.39）以及接受戒毒治疗（AOR=4.20）。
在纽约市参与减少伤害项目的年轻吸毒青年与年长的吸毒青年有显著差异。吸引年轻吸毒青年的纽约市和其他城市中心应考虑实施针对年轻人独特需求的减少伤害导向型服务。
