Kim Young Sun, Kim Han-Na, Lee Jung-Ha, Kim Se-Yeon, Jun Eun-Joo, Kim Jin-Bom
Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Catholic University of Pusan, 57, Oryundae-dae, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46252, Republic of Korea.
Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Sciences, Cheongju University, 298, Daesung-ro, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju, 28503, Republic of Korea.
BMC Oral Health. 2017 Jun 23;17(1):101. doi: 10.1186/s12903-017-0391-4.
Oral health greatly affects well-being throughout the different stages of life from childhood to late adulthood. Loss of teeth due to poor oral health hinders mastication, leading to poor nutrition absorption, and affects pronunciation and aesthetics, leading to interpersonal difficulties. As social activities become limited, a sense of isolation and loneliness, stress, and depression grows while happiness decreases. This study aimed to examine the association of stress, depression, and suicidal ideation with oral health status and oral functions in a large nationwide sample of Korean adults aged 35 years or more.
The sample comprised 15,716 adults, selected using a rolling survey sampling method and data were extracted from the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) (2010-2012). Participants were interviewed about their self-evaluation of health including oral health status and mental health, such as stress, depression, and suicidal ideation. Data from 11,347 adults were finally selected after excluding participants with missing answers. The dependent variables were stress, depression, and suicidal ideation. The independent variables were gender, age, household income, education, smoking, drinking, oral health perception, chewing, and speaking. Complex samples logistic regression analyses were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Participants met the criteria for stress (25.4%), depression (13.0%), and suicidal ideation (13.9%). Subjective oral health status was not significantly associated with stress, depression, and suicidal ideation. However, the presence of very uncomfortable chewing problems was significantly associated with stress (OR = 2.294, 95% CI = 1.41, 3.72), depression (OR = 3.232, 95% CI = 1.97, 5.31), and suicidal ideation (OR = 2.727, 95% CI = 1.58, 4.72). The presence of very uncomfortable speaking problems was significantly associated with stress (OR = 1.592, 95% CI = 1.13, 2.24) but not significantly associated with depression and suicidal ideation.
Oral functional problems including chewing and speaking difficulties can be associated with mental health. It is necessary to develop oral health promotion programs for adults and help them maintain a good quality of life and mental health.
口腔健康在从童年到成年晚期的不同生命阶段对幸福感有很大影响。口腔健康不佳导致的牙齿缺失会妨碍咀嚼，进而导致营养吸收不良，并影响发音和美观，引发人际交往困难。随着社交活动受限，孤独感、压力和抑郁情绪会增加，幸福感则会降低。本研究旨在调查在韩国全国范围内对35岁及以上成年人的大样本中，压力、抑郁和自杀意念与口腔健康状况及口腔功能之间的关联。
样本包括15716名成年人，采用滚动调查抽样方法选取，数据来自第五次韩国国家健康与营养检查调查（KNHANES）（2010 - 2012年）。就参与者对自身健康的自我评价进行访谈，包括口腔健康状况以及压力、抑郁和自杀意念等心理健康状况。在排除回答缺失的参与者后，最终选取了11347名成年人的数据。因变量为压力、抑郁和自杀意念。自变量为性别、年龄、家庭收入、教育程度、吸烟、饮酒、口腔健康认知、咀嚼和说话能力。采用复杂样本逻辑回归分析来估计比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。
参与者中符合压力标准的占25.4%，符合抑郁标准的占13.0%，有自杀意念的占13.9%。主观口腔健康状况与压力、抑郁和自杀意念无显著关联。然而，存在非常不舒服的咀嚼问题与压力（OR = 2.294，95% CI = 1.41，3.72）、抑郁（OR = 3.232，95% CI = 1.97，5.31）和自杀意念（OR = 2.727，95% CI = 1.58，4.72）显著相关。存在非常不舒服的说话问题与压力显著相关（OR = 1.592，95% CI = 1.13，2.24），但与抑郁和自杀意念无显著关联。
包括咀嚼和说话困难在内的口腔功能问题可能与心理健康有关。有必要为成年人制定口腔健康促进计划，帮助他们保持良好的生活质量和心理健康。
