Neural Network Project, Department of Brain Development and Neural Regeneration, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan.
Neural Network Project, Department of Brain Development and Neural Regeneration, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan.
Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj. 2017 Oct;1861(10):2442-2446. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.06.015. Epub 2017 Jun 20.
Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are glycoconjugates bearing heparan sulfate (HS) chains covalently attached to core proteins, which are ubiquitously distributed on the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix. HSPGs interact with a number of molecules mainly through HS chains, which play critical roles in diverse physiological and disease processes. Among these, recent vertebrate studies showed that HSPGs are closely involved in synapse development and function. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Genetic studies from fruit flies, Drosophila melanogaster, have begun to reveal the molecular mechanisms by which HSPGs regulate synapse formation at neuromuscular junctions (NMJs). In this review, we introduce Drosophila studies showing how HSPGs regulate various signaling pathways in developing NMJs. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Neuro-glycoscience, edited by Kenji Kadomatsu and Hiroshi Kitagawa.
乙酰肝素硫酸蛋白聚糖 (HSPGs) 是通过共价键将乙酰肝素 (HS) 链连接到核心蛋白上的糖缀合物，它们广泛分布在细胞膜表面和细胞外基质中。HSPGs 通过 HS 链与许多分子相互作用，这些分子在多种生理和疾病过程中发挥着关键作用。其中，最近的脊椎动物研究表明 HSPGs 与突触的发育和功能密切相关。然而，其详细的分子机制尚不清楚。来自果蝇的遗传研究表明，HSPGs 通过调节神经肌肉接头 (NMJ) 处的突触形成来调节各种信号通路。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了果蝇研究如何调节发育中的 NMJ 中的各种信号通路。本文是由 Kenji Kadomatsu 和 Hiroshi Kitagawa 编辑的题为“神经糖科学”的特刊的一部分。
