Microbiology and Virology Department, Biology Faculty, University of Havana, 25 Street # 455 / J and I, Vedado, 10400, Havana, Cuba.
Chemistry Faculty, Mexican Autonomous National University (UNAM), Paseo de la Investigación Científica s/n, 04510, Mexico, Mexico.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Jul;25(21):20391-20398. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-9505-4. Epub 2017 Jun 23.
Constructed wetlands (CWs) offer several advantages for treating waters; however, the successful application of these systems remains a challenge. Practical solutions to pollution through CWs remain incipient because wetlands are still studied as "black boxes"; further studies are required regarding the involvement of rhizosphere bacteria in the removal of pollutants. This research focused on increasing the performance of CWs treatment systems for the removal of inorganic and organic pollutants from domestic wastewater, by the application of native bioremediating rhizobacteria. A bacterial consortium (CAD/1S) was designed with four rhizobacteria strains isolated from Typha domingensis plants of natural wetlands. Each individual strain was identified by 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing. This consortium removed organic matter, ammonium, and phosphate with percentages over 70% from model wastewater. The evaluation of abiotic and biotic factors' influence on pollutant removal indicated the best conditions to remove pollutants: a neutral pH, a 72-h contact time, and an inoculum from single growth of each strain. The subsequent bioaugmentation with the consortium of CWs at laboratory scale allowed 100%, greater than 70 and 55% removal of organic matter, ammonium, and phosphate, respectively. The set of results allowed the proposal of a new strategy for the improvement of CWs technology for the treatment of domestic wastewater pollutants.
人工湿地 (CWs) 在处理水方面具有多项优势；然而，这些系统的成功应用仍然是一个挑战。通过 CWs 实现污染治理的实用解决方案仍处于起步阶段，因为湿地仍然被视为“黑箱”；需要进一步研究根际细菌在去除污染物方面的作用。本研究旨在通过应用本土生物修复根际细菌来提高 CWs 处理系统对生活污水中无机和有机污染物的去除性能。设计了一个由 4 株从天然湿地香蒲植物中分离出的根际细菌组成的细菌联合体 (CAD/1S)。通过 16S 核糖体 RNA (rRNA) 基因测序对每个单独的菌株进行了鉴定。该联合体从模型废水中去除了超过 70%的有机物、氨和磷酸盐。对生物和非生物因素对污染物去除影响的评估表明了去除污染物的最佳条件：中性 pH 值、72 小时接触时间和单一菌株生长的接种物。随后在实验室规模上用联合体进行生物强化，使有机物、氨和磷酸盐的去除率分别达到 100%、大于 70%和 55%。这一系列结果为改进 CWs 技术处理生活污水污染物提供了一种新的策略。
