Xiao Peizhen, Yang Zhou, Sun Jian, Tian Jingjing, Chang Zhiguang, Li Xuexian, Zhang Baotong, Ye Yuantu, Ji Hong, Yu Ermeng, Xie Jun
College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China.
Open Lab for Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Beijing Research Institute for Nutritional Resources, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2017 Dec;43(6):1487-1500. doi: 10.1007/s10695-017-0387-7. Epub 2017 Jun 23.
In this study, two experiments were performed to explore the function of silymarin in adipogenesis in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) using in vitro and in vivo models. In experiment 1, differentiated grass carp pre-adipocytes were treated with silymarin for 6 days. Treatment with 100 μg mLsilymarin (SM100 group) significantly reduced triglyceride accumulation at day 6. The adipogenic gene expression levels of PPARγ, C/EBPα, SREBP1c, FAS, SCD1, and LPL, and the protein expression level of PPARγ were significantly down-regulated in the SM100 group. Additionally, the SM100 group had significantly lower reactive oxygen species production and reduced glutathione contents compared with the control in vitro. In experiment 2, the juvenile grass carp (mean body weight= 27.4 ± 0.17 g) were fed six isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets in a factorial design containing 0, 100, or 200 mg kg silymarin (SM0, SM100, SM200) associated with either 4 or 8% lipid levels (low lipid, LL, and high lipid, HL, respectively) for 82 days. The results demonstrated that dietary silymarin supplementation significantly reduced the elevated intraperitoneal fat index in grass carp fed with high-lipid diets, and the gene expression of adipogenesis (PPARγ, FAS) when supplemented with dietary silymarin was notably lower than when no silymarin was supplemented under the high-lipid diets. Thus, our data suggest that silymarin suppressed lipid accumulation in grass carp both in vitro and in vivo, and the effect might be due to an influence on the expression of adipogenesis factors and ROS production partly associated with effects on antioxidant capability.
在本研究中，进行了两项实验，以利用体外和体内模型探究水飞蓟素在草鱼（Ctenopharyngodon idellus）脂肪生成中的作用。在实验1中，用 水飞蓟素处理分化的草鱼前脂肪细胞 6 天。用 100 μg/mL 水飞蓟素处理（SM100 组）在第 6 天显著降低了甘油三酯积累。SM100 组中，PPARγ、C/EBPα、SREBP1c、FAS、SCD1 和 LPL 的脂肪生成基因表达水平以及 PPARγ 的蛋白表达水平均显著下调。此外，与体外对照相比，SM100 组的活性氧产生显著降低，谷胱甘肽含量减少。在实验2中，将平均体重为27.4±0.17 g的幼草鱼按照析因设计投喂六种等氮等热量日粮，日粮含有0、100或200 mg/kg水飞蓟素（分别为SM0、SM100、SM200），并分别与4%或8% 的脂质水平（分别为低脂质，LL，和高脂质，HL）搭配，持续82天。结果表明，日粮中添加水飞蓟素显著降低了高脂日粮喂养的草鱼升高的腹腔脂肪指数，并且在高脂日粮下，添加日粮水飞蓟素时脂肪生成（PPARγ、FAS）的基因表达明显低于未添加水飞蓟素时。因此，我们的数据表明，水飞蓟素在体外和体内均抑制了草鱼的脂质积累，其作用可能部分归因于对脂肪生成因子表达和ROS产生的影响，这与对抗氧化能力的影响有关。
