School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.
Centre for Applied Nursing Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2018 Apr;27(2):794-803. doi: 10.1111/inm.12366. Epub 2017 Jun 23.
Due to an ageing workforce, there is a growing need for greater numbers of nurses to work in areas, such as mental health and alcohol and other drugs (AOD) rehabilitation. These practitioners need to approach their work as 'recovery-oriented practitioners'. Positive experiences and preceptorship during clinical placement in AOD rehabilitation settings might influence students' later career choices and address some of the workforce shortage issues. The aim of the present concurrent, mixed-methods study was to explore students' perceptions of their clinical placement experience in a community-based AOD rehabilitation setting, and to examine attitude, career intention, and satisfaction with the placement. Fifty-eight students completed pre-post-test surveys, with closed and open-ended questions, which included standardized measures. A small sample of survey respondents also agreed to participate in a semistructured interview. The quantitative results revealed two predictors for higher intention to pursue a career in AOD: (i) a high satisfaction with their clinical placement (β = 0.29, P = 0.008); and (ii) a high baseline attitude to recovery-oriented practice (β = 0.28, P = 0.013). The qualitative findings identified five factors influencing placement experience: (i) educational factors; (ii) students' background factors; (iii) placement factors; (iv) client factors; and (v) staff factors. A model that synthesizes the quantitative and qualitative findings was also developed. In conclusion, clinical placement in a community-based AOD rehabilitation centre improved students' intention to work in that setting.
由于劳动力老龄化，越来越需要更多的护士在精神健康和酒精及其他药物（AOD）康复等领域工作。这些从业者需要将自己的工作方法定位为“以康复为导向的从业者”。在 AOD 康复环境中的临床实习期间获得的积极经验和指导，可能会影响学生未来的职业选择，并解决一些劳动力短缺问题。本同期混合方法研究旨在探讨学生在社区为基础的 AOD 康复环境中的临床实习经历的看法，并检验态度、职业意向和对实习的满意度。58 名学生完成了包含封闭式和开放式问题的预-后测调查，其中包括标准化的衡量标准。调查的一小部分受访者也同意参加半结构化访谈。定量结果显示了两个预测更高 AOD 职业意向的因素：（i）对临床实习的满意度高（β=0.29，P=0.008）；（ii）对以康复为导向的实践有较高的态度基线（β=0.28，P=0.013）。定性结果确定了影响实习经历的五个因素：（i）教育因素；（ii）学生的背景因素；（iii）实习因素；（iv）客户因素；（v）员工因素。还制定了一个综合定量和定性结果的模型。总之，在社区为基础的 AOD 康复中心的临床实习提高了学生在该环境中工作的意向。
