Elizondo Jesús Eduardo, Treviño Ana Cecilia, Violant Deborah, Rivas-Estilla Ana María, Álvarez Mario Moisés
Programa de Posgrado en Biotecnología, Grupo de Investigación en Biofármacos e Ingeniería Biofarmacéutica, Escuela Nacional de Posgrado en Ciencias e Ingeniería, Instituto Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México; Programa de Posgrado en Odontología, Escuela de Doctorado, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, España; Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Escuela Nacional de Medicina, Instituto Tecnológico de Monterrey, Centro de Estudios para el Desarrollo Sostenible, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.
Programa de Pregrado de Médico Cirujano Odontólogo, Escuela de Biotecnología y Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.
Gac Sanit. 2018 May-Jun;32(3):262-268. doi: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2017.04.008. Epub 2017 Jun 21.
To explore the attitudes of men who have sex with men (MSM) towards the implementation of rapid HIV-1/2 testing in the dental practice, and to evaluate MSM's perceptions of stigma and discrimination related to sexual orientation by dental care professionals.
Cross-sectional study using a self-administered, anonymous, structured analytical questionnaire answered by 185 MSM in Mexico. The survey included sociodemographic variables, MSM's perceptions towards public and private dental providers, and dental services, as well as their perception towards rapid HIV-1/2 testing in the dental practice. In addition, the perception of stigma and discrimination associated with their sexual orientation was explored by designing a psychometric Likert-type scale. The statistical analysis included factor analysis and non-hierarchical cluster analysis.
86.5% of the respondents expressed their willingness to take a rapid HIV-1/2 screening test during their dental visit. Nevertheless, 91.9% of them considered it important that dental professionals must be well-trained before administering any rapid HIV-1/2 tests. Factor analysis revealed two factors: experiences of sexual orientation stigma and discrimination in dental settings, and feelings of concern about the attitude of the dentist and dental staff towards their sexual orientation. Based on these factors and cluster analysis, three user profiles were identified: users who have not experienced stigma and discrimination (90.3%); users who have not experienced stigma and discrimination, but feel a slight concern (8.1%), and users who have experienced some form of discrimination and feel concern (1.6%).
The dental practice may represent a potential location for rapid HIV-1/2 testing contributing to early HIV infection diagnosis.
探讨男男性行为者（MSM）对在牙科诊所开展HIV-1/2快速检测的态度，并评估MSM对牙科医护人员与性取向相关的耻辱感和歧视的认知。
采用横断面研究，由墨西哥的185名MSM自行填写一份匿名的结构化分析问卷。该调查包括社会人口统计学变量、MSM对公立和私立牙科服务提供者及牙科服务的看法，以及他们对牙科诊所HIV-1/2快速检测的看法。此外，通过设计一个心理测量的李克特式量表来探究与他们性取向相关的耻辱感和歧视认知。统计分析包括因子分析和非层次聚类分析。
86.5%的受访者表示愿意在看牙时接受HIV-1/2快速筛查检测。然而，91.9%的受访者认为牙科专业人员在进行任何HIV-1/2快速检测之前必须接受良好培训很重要。因子分析揭示了两个因素：在牙科环境中与性取向相关的耻辱感和歧视经历，以及对牙医和牙科工作人员对其性取向态度的担忧情绪。基于这些因素和聚类分析，确定了三种用户类型：未经历过耻辱感和歧视的用户（90.3%）；未经历过耻辱感和歧视但略有担忧的用户（8.1%），以及经历过某种形式歧视并感到担忧的用户（1.6%）。
牙科诊所可能是开展HIV-1/2快速检测以促进早期HIV感染诊断的潜在场所。
