Yan H, Dang S N, Mi B B, Qu P F, Zhang L, Wang H L, Bi Y X, Zeng L X, Li Q, Yan H
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2017 May 10;38(5):615-620. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2017.05.011.
To explore the effect of maternal animal sourced food intake during pregnancy on neonate birth weight and provide scientific basis for guiding the reasonable diet intake in pregnant women and increasing neonate birth weight. Data were derived from a cross-sectional project of"the prevalence and risk factors of birth defects in Shaanxi province" , which were conducted in 30 counties in Shaanxi province from July to November in 2013. A stratified multistage random sampling method was used to select women who were pregnant between January 2010 and December 2013 for a random semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire survey to collect the data on the frequency and amount of food consumption on animal protein sources and the data of newborns. Children aged 0-1 years and their mothers were selected as the study subjects. The generalized linear model was used to analyze the relationship between the neonate birth weight and maternal animal sourced food intake during pregnancy, and by using neonate birth weight as dependent variable, food intake frequency as independent variable, three adjustment models were established for stratified analysis. Totally 11 459 participants were involved in this study. The average birth weight of newborn was (3 279.9±454.6) g, the average weekly intake of animal sourced foods was4.00 times for egg, 1.50 times for meat, 3.00 times for dairy foods, 0.50 times for fish and 5.00 times for overall animal sourced foods in pregnant women. Without stratification, three models shown that meat and overall animal sourced food intake had effects on neonate birth weight. After adjustment for gestational weeks, maternal age, social and demographic factors and others, meat intake increased by 1 time a week, the increase of neonate birth weight was about 5.26 (95: 1.32-9.20) g, and the overall animal food increased by 1 times a week, the average neonate birth weight increased by 3.24 (95: 1.09-5.39) g. Stratified analysis showed that meat and overall animal sourced food always had more influences on baby girls and those living in rural area. In the region classification, the overall animal sourced food intake had more influences on women living in northern area and Guanzhong area of Shaanxi, and meat intake had greater influence on women living in southern Shaanxi. And the influences were positive, the more animal sourced foods were taken, the greater the birth weight increased. Animal sourced food intake during pregnancy would benefit the increase of neonate birth weight. It suggests that pregnant women should pay more attention to the intake of animal sourced food.
探讨孕期母体动物性食物摄入量对新生儿出生体重的影响，为指导孕妇合理膳食摄入、增加新生儿出生体重提供科学依据。数据来源于“陕西省出生缺陷患病率及危险因素”横断面项目，于2013年7月至11月在陕西省30个县开展。采用分层多阶段随机抽样方法，选取2010年1月至2013年12月期间怀孕的妇女进行随机半定量食物频率问卷调查，收集动物性蛋白质来源食物的消费频率和摄入量数据以及新生儿数据。选取0 - 1岁儿童及其母亲作为研究对象。采用广义线性模型分析孕期母体动物性食物摄入量与新生儿出生体重之间的关系，以新生儿出生体重为因变量，食物摄入频率为自变量，建立三个调整模型进行分层分析。本研究共纳入11459名参与者。新生儿平均出生体重为(3279.9±454.6)g，孕妇每周动物性食物平均摄入量为蛋类4.00次、肉类1.50次、奶类3.00次、鱼类0.50次、总体动物性食物5.00次。未分层时，三个模型显示肉类和总体动物性食物摄入量对新生儿出生体重有影响。在调整孕周、产妇年龄、社会人口学因素等后，每周肉类摄入量增加1次，新生儿出生体重增加约5.26(95%CI:1.32 - 9.20)g，每周总体动物性食物摄入量增加1次，新生儿平均出生体重增加3.24(95%CI:1.09 - 5.39)g。分层分析显示，肉类和总体动物性食物对女婴及农村地区婴儿的影响更大。在地区分类中，总体动物性食物摄入量对陕西北部地区和关中地区的妇女影响更大，肉类摄入量对陕南地区的妇女影响更大。且影响均为正向，动物性食物摄入越多，出生体重增加越大。孕期摄入动物性食物有利于新生儿出生体重增加。提示孕妇应更加关注动物性食物的摄入。
