Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Br J Nutr. 2011 Jul;106(2):237-42. doi: 10.1017/S0007114510005878.
Zn is an essential element for human growth. The nutritional adequacy of dietary Zn depends not only on the total Zn intake, but also on the type of food source (i.e. of plant or animal origin). We investigated the association between maternal dietary Zn intake from animal and plant food sources and fetal growth. A total of 918 pregnant women at 12-28 weeks of gestation were selected from the Mothers and Children's Environmental Health study in Korea. Dietary intakes in mid-pregnancy were estimated by a 24 h recall method, and subsequent birth weight and height were obtained from medical records. Multiple regression analysis showed that maternal Zn intake from animal food sources and their proportions relative to total Zn intake were positively associated with birth weight (P = 0.034 and 0.045, respectively) and height (P = 0.020 and 0.032, respectively). Conversely, the percentage of Zn intake from plant food sources relative to total Zn intake was negatively associated with birth height (P = 0.026) after adjustment for covariates that may affect fetal growth. The molar ratio of phytate:Zn was negatively associated with birth weight (P = 0.037). In conclusion, we found that the absolute amounts of Zn from different food sources (e.g. animal or plant) and their proportions relative to total Zn intake were significantly associated with birth weight and height. A sufficient amount of Zn intake from animal food sources of a relatively higher Zn bioavailability is thus encouraged for women during pregnancy.
锌是人体生长所必需的元素。膳食锌的营养充足不仅取决于总锌摄入量，还取决于食物来源的类型（即植物或动物来源）。我们研究了母体膳食中来自动物和植物食物来源的锌摄入量与胎儿生长之间的关系。从韩国母婴环境健康研究中选择了 918 名妊娠 12-28 周的孕妇。通过 24 小时回忆法估计妊娠中期的膳食摄入量，随后从病历中获得出生体重和身高。多元回归分析表明，母体来自动物食物来源的锌摄入量及其相对总锌摄入量的比例与出生体重（P = 0.034 和 0.045，分别）和身高（P = 0.020 和 0.032，分别）呈正相关。相反，调整了可能影响胎儿生长的协变量后，相对总锌摄入量来自植物性食物来源的锌摄入量与出生身高呈负相关（P = 0.026）。植酸盐：锌的摩尔比与出生体重呈负相关（P = 0.037）。总之，我们发现不同食物来源（如动物或植物）的锌绝对量及其相对总锌摄入量与出生体重和身高显著相关。因此，鼓励孕妇在怀孕期间从动物食物来源中摄入足够的、具有较高生物利用度的锌。
