Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, 2356 Sutter St, San Francisco, CA 94115.
Department of Family and Community Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospitals, Mazzoni Center, Philadelphia, PA.
Semin Perinatol. 2017 Aug;41(5):273-277. doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2017.04.003. Epub 2017 Jun 23.
In the United States, racial and ethnic minority women experience higher rates of contraceptive non-use, failure, unintended pregnancy, and lower use of long-acting reversible contraception (LARC), compared to whites. Simultaneously researchers have found that unintended pregnancy is associated with poor pregnancy outcomes and pregnancy behaviors, including pre-term birth and late initiation of prenatal care, respectively. Due to the association of pregnancy intention and obstetrical outcomes, public health efforts have focused on the increase in contraception use among these populations as a way to decrease poor pregnancy outcomes. In this review, we present the current literature on unintended pregnancy and contraception use by racial and ethnic minorities in the United States and the association of pregnancy intention and obstetrical outcomes and place these associations within the social and historical context in which these patients live and make their reproductive choices.
在美国，与白人相比，种族和民族少数群体的女性避孕药具使用率较低，避孕失败率、非意愿妊娠率较高，长效可逆避孕措施（LARC）使用率较低。同时，研究人员发现，非意愿妊娠与不良妊娠结局和妊娠行为有关，分别为早产和产前护理开始较晚。由于妊娠意图与产科结局的相关性，公共卫生工作的重点已放在增加这些人群的避孕措施使用上，以此作为降低不良妊娠结局的一种方法。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了目前关于美国种族和民族少数群体的意外怀孕和避孕措施使用的文献，以及妊娠意图和产科结局之间的关联，并将这些关联置于这些患者生活和做出生殖选择的社会和历史背景下。
