Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA; James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA; James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA; Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2018 Apr 15;465:73-81. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.06.021. Epub 2017 Jun 23.
Men have had a substantially higher risk of developing bladder cancer than women. This has prompted research on androgen-mediated androgen receptor (AR) signaling in urothelial cancer. Indeed, increasing preclinical evidence indicates that AR activation correlates with the promotion of urothelial carcinogenesis and tumor outgrowth. In this article, we summarize and discuss available data suggesting the involvement of androgens and the AR pathway in the development and progression of urothelial cancer. Although precise mechanisms for the functions of AR and related signals in urothelial cells remain far from being fully understood, current observations may offer effective chemopreventive and therapeutic approaches for urothelial cancer. Clinical application of various anti-AR therapies available for AR-dependent prostate cancer to urothelial cancer patients is thus anticipated.
男性患膀胱癌的风险明显高于女性。这促使人们对雄激素介导的雄激素受体 (AR) 信号在尿路上皮癌中的作用进行了研究。事实上，越来越多的临床前证据表明，AR 的激活与促进尿路上皮癌发生和肿瘤生长有关。本文总结并讨论了现有数据，这些数据表明雄激素和 AR 通路参与了尿路上皮癌的发生和发展。虽然 AR 和相关信号在尿路上皮细胞中的作用的确切机制还远未完全阐明，但目前的观察结果可能为尿路上皮癌提供有效的化学预防和治疗方法。因此，预计将用于治疗依赖 AR 的前列腺癌的各种抗 AR 疗法应用于尿路上皮癌患者。
