CHU Lille, Université Lille 2, EA 7367-UTML-Unité de Taphonomie Médico-Légale, Lille, France.
School of Biology, University of St. Andrews, Dyers Brae House, St. Andrews, Fife, UK.
Insect Sci. 2019 Feb;26(1):2-19. doi: 10.1111/1744-7917.12502. Epub 2017 Oct 5.
This review offers the first synthesis of the research on mixed-species groupings of arthropods and highlights the behavioral and evolutionary questions raised by such behavior. Mixed-species groups are commonly found in mammals and birds. Such groups are also observed in a large range of arthropod taxa independent of their level of sociality. Several examples are presented to highlight the mechanisms underlying such groupings, particularly the evidence for phylogenetic proximity between members that promotes cross-species recognition. The advantages offered by such aggregates are described and discussed. These advantages can be attributed to the increase in group size and could be identical to those of nonmixed groupings, but competition-cooperation dynamics might also be involved, and such effects may differ between homo- and heterospecific groups. We discuss three extreme cases of interspecific recognition that are likely involved in mixed-species groups as vectors for cross-species aggregation: tolerance behavior between two social species, one-way mechanism in which one species is attractive to others and two-way mechanism of mutual attraction. As shown in this review, the study of mixed-species groups offers biologists an interesting way to explore the frontiers of cooperation-competition, including the process of sympatric speciation.
这篇综述首次综合了有关节肢动物混合物种群体的研究，并强调了这种行为所引发的行为和进化问题。混合物种群体在哺乳动物和鸟类中很常见。在很大程度上，这种群体也存在于独立于其社会性水平的各种节肢动物分类群中。本文提出了几个例子来强调这种群体形成的机制，特别是成员之间的亲缘关系促进了跨物种识别的证据。还描述和讨论了这种聚集所带来的优势。这些优势可以归因于群体规模的增加，并且可能与非混合群体的优势相同，但竞争-合作动态也可能涉及其中，并且这种影响在同-和异-物种群体之间可能不同。我们讨论了三种可能涉及混合物种群体的种间识别的极端情况，即作为跨物种聚集载体的两种社交物种之间的容忍行为、一种物种对其他物种具有吸引力的单向机制以及两种物种相互吸引的双向机制。正如本综述所示，混合物种群体的研究为生物学家提供了一种探索合作-竞争前沿的有趣方式，包括同域物种形成的过程。
