Zhou Wei, Zhang Lulu, Tong Chuanliang, Fang Fang, Zhao Shasha, Tian Ying, Tao Yexuan, Zhang Jun
Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children’s Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Environ Health Perspect. 2017 Jun 22;125(6):067012. doi: 10.1289/EHP1203.
Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent synthetic chemicals that are widely used in industrial applications and often detectable in humans. In rats, PFASs can interfere with the estrous cycle. In humans, menstruation has been viewed as a proxy of female fecundity, and periodic menstruation plays a critical role in endometrial sloughing in the absence of pregnancy and in preparing for embryo implantation.
We investigated the association between PFAS exposure and menstrual cycle characteristics in women who plan to become pregnant.
Plasma level of 10 PFASs was measured in 950 women who were attempting to become pregnant and recruited in two preconception care clinics in Shanghai, China, from August 2013 to April 2015. Information on menstrual cycle characteristics was collected by questionnaires. Associations between PFAS levels and menstrual cycle regularity, length, and bleeding volume were examined using multiple logistic regression models.
Pre-pregnant women with higher levels of log-transformed perfluorooctanate (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS) had increased odds of self-reported history of irregular menstrual cycle [PFOA-adjusted odds ratio (OR)=1.52 (95% CI: 1.08, 2.15); PFOS OR=1.29 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.70); PFNA OR=1.50 (95% CI: 1.03, 2.07); PFHxS OR=1.80 (95% CI: 1.17, 2.77)] and long menstrual cycle [PFOA OR=1.50 (95% CI: 1.06, 2.10); PFOS OR=1.34 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.75); PFNA OR=1.49 (95% CI: 1.05, 2.11); PFHxS OR=1.73 (95% CI: 1.13, 2.65)]. Log-transformed PFOA, PFOS, PFNA. and PFHxS levels were negatively associated with self-reported history of menorrhagia [PFOA OR=0.37 (95% CI: 0.21, 0.65); PFOS OR=0.57 (95% CI: 0.37, 0.90); PFNA OR=0.47 (95% CI: 0.26, 0.86); PFHxS OR=0.14 (95% CI: 0.06, 0.36)].
Certain PFASs are associated with abnormal menstruation in humans. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1203.
全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质（PFASs）是持久性合成化学品，广泛应用于工业领域，且常在人体中被检测到。在大鼠中，PFASs会干扰发情周期。在人类中，月经被视为女性生育能力的一个指标，规律的月经在非孕期子宫内膜脱落以及为胚胎着床做准备过程中起着关键作用。
我们调查了计划怀孕的女性中PFAS暴露与月经周期特征之间的关联。
2013年8月至2015年4月期间，在中国上海的两家孕前保健诊所招募了950名试图怀孕的女性，测量她们血浆中10种PFASs的水平。通过问卷调查收集月经周期特征信息。使用多元逻辑回归模型检验PFAS水平与月经周期规律性、长度和出血量之间的关联。
孕前女性中，全氟辛酸（PFOA）、全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）、全氟壬酸（PFNA）和全氟己烷磺酸（PFHxS）经对数转换后的水平较高者，自我报告月经周期不规律的几率增加[PFOA调整后的优势比（OR）=1.52（95%置信区间：1.08，2.15）；PFOS的OR=1.29（95%置信区间：0.98，1.70）；PFNA的OR=1.50（95%置信区间：1.03，2.07）；PFHxS的OR=1.80（95%置信区间：1.17，2.77）]，月经周期较长的几率也增加[PFOA的OR=1.50（95%置信区间：1.06，2.10）；PFOS的OR=1.34（95%置信区间：1.02，1.75）；PFNA的OR=1.49（95%置信区间：1.05，2.11）；PFHxS的OR=1.73（95%置信区间：1.13, 2.65）]。经对数转换后的PFOA、PFOS、PFNA和PFHxS水平与自我报告的月经过多史呈负相关[PFOA的OR=0.37（95%置信区间：0.21，0.65）；PFOS的OR=0.57（95%置信区间：0.37，0.90）；PFNA的OR=0.47（95%置信区间：0.26，0.86）；PFHxS的OR=0.14（95%置信区间：0.06，0.36）]。
某些PFASs与人类月经异常有关。https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1203
