Jonassen T, Hamadi M, Remø S C, Waagbø R
Akvaplan-niva, Framsenteret, Tromsø, Norway.
Aqua Kompetanse, Flatanger, Norway.
J Fish Dis. 2017 Dec;40(12):1903-1914. doi: 10.1111/jfd.12664. Epub 2017 Jun 29.
Twelve groups of farmed lumpfish and one of wild lumpfish were screened for cataract and sampled for fish muscle tissue, whole heart and both eye lenses to investigate possible relations between cataract and tissue free amino acid concentrations. Cataract prevalence ranged from 20% to 100%, with the highest average score of 7.3 (max 8) and incidences of severe cataract (>5) in all groups. Cataract could not be explained by suboptimal histidine concentrations in the feed. Neither muscle nor cardiac tissues had concentrations of free histidine compounds. The lumpfish lens contained N-acetylhistidine (NAH), of which low concentrations were strongly related to cataract severity. However, no correlation between lens NAH and cataract severity was found in the present sample set. Wild lumpfish had higher levels compared to farmed lumpfish, suggesting that the farmed lumpfish may have been deficient in histidine or have a higher utilization of NAH due to osmotic problems. Thus, cataract in farmed lumpfish may be related to primary or secondary disturbed nutrient metabolism or malnutrition, shown by the high levels of specific amino acids in different tissues, which may cause osmotic imbalance and cataract development. This nutritional or environmental-related welfare problem deserves further research.
对12组养殖圆鳍鱼和1组野生圆鳍鱼进行了白内障筛查，并采集了鱼肌肉组织、整个心脏和双眼晶状体样本，以研究白内障与组织游离氨基酸浓度之间的可能关系。白内障患病率在20%至100%之间，所有组的平均最高评分为7.3（满分8分），且存在严重白内障（>5分）病例。饲料中组氨酸浓度欠佳无法解释白内障问题。肌肉组织和心脏组织中均不存在游离组氨酸化合物。圆鳍鱼晶状体中含有N - 乙酰组氨酸（NAH），其低浓度与白内障严重程度密切相关。然而，在本样本集中未发现晶状体NAH与白内障严重程度之间存在相关性。与养殖圆鳍鱼相比，野生圆鳍鱼的NAH水平更高，这表明养殖圆鳍鱼可能组氨酸缺乏，或者由于渗透问题对NAH的利用率更高。因此，养殖圆鳍鱼的白内障可能与原发性或继发性营养代谢紊乱或营养不良有关，不同组织中特定氨基酸的高水平表明了这一点，这可能导致渗透失衡和白内障发展。这个与营养或环境相关的福利问题值得进一步研究。
