Ewart W R
Comp Biochem Physiol A Comp Physiol. 1985;82(3):489-93. doi: 10.1016/0300-9629(85)90421-9.
There are similarities between sensation in the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) and somatic sensation. This review concentrates on parasympathetic (vagal) components of GI sensation rather than the sympathetic (splanchnic) elements. A wide range of enteroceptors have been described over the whole length of the gut which subserve several different sensory modalities. Fibres from these enteroceptors project to the medulla, primarily to the nucleus of the solitary tract. In the medulla there is considerable integration of afferent information from different parts of the GI tract. Regulatory peptides are present both in the brain and in the GI tract. It is likely that these peptides may play a role in the modulation of sensory information in the medulla. Parallels may be drawn at a receptor level between somatic sensation and sensation in the GI tract. More centrally, sensory mechanisms relating to the gut seem less highly organized than in somatic sensation. This reduced influence of the central nervous system in GI tract sensation may be explained by the presence in the gut of a highly sophisticated intrinsic nervous system, the enteric nervous system, which pre-programmes many of the functions of the GI tract.
胃肠道（GI tract）的感觉与躯体感觉之间存在相似之处。本综述着重于胃肠道感觉的副交感神经（迷走神经）成分，而非交感神经（内脏神经）成分。在肠道全长已描述了多种肠感受器，它们服务于几种不同的感觉模式。来自这些肠感受器的纤维投射到延髓，主要投射到孤束核。在延髓，来自胃肠道不同部位的传入信息有大量整合。调节肽既存在于大脑中，也存在于胃肠道中。这些肽很可能在延髓感觉信息的调制中发挥作用。在受体水平上，躯体感觉与胃肠道感觉之间可能存在相似之处。在更中枢的层面，与肠道相关的感觉机制似乎不如躯体感觉那样高度组织化。中枢神经系统对胃肠道感觉的这种影响减弱，可能是由于肠道中存在高度复杂的内在神经系统——肠神经系统，它预先设定了胃肠道的许多功能。
