Zafarani Fatemeh, Ahmadi Firoozeh, Shahrzad Gholam
Department of Reproductive Imaging, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, Tehran, Iran.
Int J Fertil Steril. 2017 Jul-Sep;11(2):71-78. doi: 10.22074/ijfs.2017.4716. Epub 2017 Feb 16.
Cervical abnormalities may be congenital or acquired. Congenital anomalies of the cervix are rarely isolated, and more commonly accompany other uterine anomalies. Various imaging tools have been used in the assessment of Müllerian duct anomalies (MDAs). Currently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the modality of choice for definitive diagnosis and classification of these MDAs. Hysterosalpingography is a basic tool for evaluation of infertility and allows us to detect a spectrum of anatomical malformations of the utero-cervix in the setting of MDAs. It provides good outlines of the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes, as well as the cervical canal and isthmus. However, hysterosalpingograms (HSG) cannot be performed in patients with isolated congenital maldevelopment (agenesis/disgenesis) of the cervix. This part of pictorial review illustrates the various radiographic appearances of congenital malformations of the utero-cervix with a brief overview of the embryologic features. Accurate diagnosis of such cases is considered essential for optimal treatment and categorization of each anomaly.
宫颈异常可能是先天性的或后天获得性的。宫颈先天性异常很少单独出现，更常见的是伴有其他子宫异常。各种影像学工具已被用于评估苗勒管异常（MDA）。目前，磁共振成像（MRI）是这些MDA确诊和分类的首选方式。子宫输卵管造影是评估不孕症的基本工具，使我们能够在MDA背景下检测子宫颈的一系列解剖畸形。它能很好地勾勒出子宫腔、输卵管以及宫颈管和峡部的轮廓。然而，对于孤立性宫颈先天性发育不良（发育不全/发育异常）的患者不能进行子宫输卵管造影（HSG）。本图片综述部分阐述了子宫颈先天性畸形的各种影像学表现，并简要概述了胚胎学特征。准确诊断此类病例对于每种异常的最佳治疗和分类至关重要。
