Burling Amie N, Levy Julie K, Scott H Morgan, Crandall Michael M, Tucker Sylvia J, Wood Erin G, Foster Jessie D
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2017 Jul 15;251(2):187-194. doi: 10.2460/javma.251.2.187.
OBJECTIVE To estimate seroprevalences for FeLV antigen and anti-FIV antibody and risk factors for seropositivity among cats in the United States and Canada. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. ANIMALS 62,301 cats tested at 1,396 veterinary clinics (n = 45,406) and 127 animal shelters (16,895). PROCEDURES Blood samples were tested with a point-of-care ELISA for FeLV antigen and anti-FIV antibody. Seroprevalence was estimated, and risk factors for seropositivity were evaluated with bivariate and multivariable mixed-model logistic regression analyses adjusted for within-clinic or within-shelter dependencies. RESULTS Overall, seroprevalence was 3.1% for FeLV antigen and 3.6% for anti-FIV antibody. Adult age, outdoor access, clinical disease, and being a sexually intact male were risk factors for seropositivity for each virus. Odds of seropositivity for each virus were greater for cats tested in clinics than for those tested in shelters. Of 1,611 cats with oral disease, 76 (4.7%) and 157 (9.7%) were seropositive for FeLV and FIV, respectively. Of 4,835 cats with respiratory disease, 385 (8.0%) were seropositive for FeLV and 308 (6.4%) were seropositive for FIV. Of 1,983 cats with abscesses or bite wounds, 110 (5.5%) and 247 (12.5%) were seropositive for FeLV and FIV, respectively. Overall, 2,368 of 17,041 (13.9%) unhealthy cats were seropositive for either or both viruses, compared with 1,621 of 45,260 (3.6%) healthy cats. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Seroprevalences for FeLV antigen and anti-FIV antibody were similar to those reported in previous studies over the past decade. Taken together, these results indicated a need to improve compliance with existing guidelines for management of feline retroviruses.
目的 评估美国和加拿大猫群中猫白血病病毒（FeLV）抗原和抗猫免疫缺陷病毒（FIV）抗体的血清阳性率以及血清阳性的危险因素。 设计 横断面研究。 动物 1396 家兽医诊所检测的 62301 只猫（n = 45406）和 127 个动物收容所检测的 16895 只猫。 方法 采用即时检验酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）检测血样中的 FeLV 抗原和抗 FIV 抗体。 估计血清阳性率，并通过双变量和多变量混合模型逻辑回归分析评估血清阳性的危险因素，分析对诊所内或收容所内的相关性进行了校正。 结果 总体而言，FeLV 抗原的血清阳性率为 3.1%，抗 FIV 抗体的血清阳性率为 3.6%。 成年、有户外接触机会、临床疾病以及为未绝育雄性是每种病毒血清阳性的危险因素。 每种病毒血清阳性的几率在诊所检测的猫中高于在收容所检测的猫。 在 1611 只有口腔疾病的猫中，分别有 76 只（4.7%）和 157 只（9.7%）FeLV 和 FIV 血清阳性。 在 4835 只有呼吸道疾病的猫中，385 只（8.0%）FeLV 血清阳性，308 只（6.4%）FIV 血清阳性。 在 1983 只有脓肿或咬伤伤口的猫中，分别有 110 只（5.5%）和 247 只（12.5%）FeLV 和 FIV 血清阳性。 总体而言，17041 只不健康猫中有 2368 只（13.9%）一种或两种病毒血清阳性，而 45260 只健康猫中有 1621 只（3.6%）。 结论及临床意义 FeLV 抗原和抗 FIV 抗体的血清阳性率与过去十年的先前研究报告相似。 综合来看，这些结果表明需要提高对现有猫逆转录病毒管理指南的依从性。
