基于对话的干预对使用辅助和替代沟通方式的运动性言语障碍儿童语言技能的影响。
Effects of a Conversation-Based Intervention on the Linguistic Skills of Children With Motor Speech Disorders Who Use Augmentative and Alternative Communication.
作者信息
Soto Gloria, Clarke Michael T
机构信息
Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, San Francisco State University, CA.
Research Department of Language and Cognition, University College London, UK.
出版信息
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2017 Jul 12;60(7):1980-1998. doi: 10.1044/2016_JSLHR-L-15-0246.
PURPOSE
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of a conversation-based intervention on the expressive vocabulary and grammatical skills of children with severe motor speech disorders and expressive language delay who use augmentative and alternative communication.
METHOD
Eight children aged from 8 to 13 years participated in the study. After a baseline period, a conversation-based intervention was provided for each participant, in which they were supported to learn and use linguistic structures essential for the formation of clauses and the grammaticalization of their utterances, such as pronouns, verbs, and bound morphemes, in the context of personally meaningful and scaffolded conversations with trained clinicians. The conversations were videotaped, transcribed, and analyzed using the Systematic Analysis of Language Transcripts (SALT; Miller & Chapman, 1991).
RESULTS
Results indicate that participants showed improvements in their use of spontaneous clauses, and a greater use of pronouns, verbs, and bound morphemes. These improvements were sustained and generalized to conversations with familiar partners.
CONCLUSION
The results demonstrate the positive effects of the conversation-based intervention for improving the expressive vocabulary and grammatical skills of children with severe motor speech disorders and expressive language delay who use augmentative and alternative communication. Clinical and theoretical implications of conversation-based interventions are discussed and future research needs are identified.
SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIALS
目的
本研究旨在评估基于对话的干预措施对使用辅助和替代沟通方式的重度运动性言语障碍及表达性语言发育迟缓儿童的表达性词汇和语法技能的影响。
方法
8名年龄在8至13岁的儿童参与了本研究。在基线期之后，为每位参与者提供了基于对话的干预，在与经过培训的临床医生进行的具有个人意义且有支架支持的对话中，他们被支持学习和使用对于从句形成及话语语法化至关重要的语言结构，如代词、动词和粘着语素。对话被录像、转录，并使用语言转录系统分析（SALT；Miller & Chapman，1991）进行分析。
结果
结果表明，参与者在自发从句的使用上有所改善，并且更多地使用了代词、动词和粘着语素。这些改善得以持续，并推广到与熟悉伙伴的对话中。
结论
结果证明了基于对话的干预措施对改善使用辅助和替代沟通方式的重度运动性言语障碍及表达性语言发育迟缓儿童的表达性词汇和语法技能具有积极作用。讨论了基于对话的干预措施的临床和理论意义，并确定了未来的研究需求。
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