Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, Biochemistry Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, Biochemistry Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2018 Jun;78:62-72. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.06.027. Epub 2017 Jun 30.
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a biologic process that allows a polarized epithelial cell to undergo multiple biochemical changes that enable it to assume a mesenchymal cell phenotype. EMT is involved in embryo development, wound healing, tissue regeneration, organ fibrosis and has also been proposed as the critical mechanism for the acquisition of malignant phenotypes by epithelial cancer cells. These cells have been shown to acquire a mesenchymal phenotype when localized at the invasive front of primary tumours increasing aggressiveness, invasiveness, metastatic potential and resistance to chemotherapy. There is now increasing evidence demonstrating that a crucial role in the development of this process is played by factors secreted by cells of the tumour microenvironment or by the tumour cells themselves. This review summarises the current knowledge of EMT induction in cancer by paracrine or autocrine mechanisms, by exosomes or free proteins and miRNAs.
上皮-间充质转化（EMT）是一种生物学过程，允许极化的上皮细胞经历多种生化变化，使其能够呈现间充质细胞表型。EMT 参与胚胎发育、伤口愈合、组织再生、器官纤维化，也被提出作为上皮癌细胞获得恶性表型的关键机制。已经表明，当这些细胞位于原发性肿瘤的侵袭前沿时，它们会获得间充质表型，从而增加侵袭性、侵袭性、转移潜力和对化疗的耐药性。越来越多的证据表明，肿瘤微环境细胞或肿瘤细胞自身分泌的因子在这一过程的发展中起着至关重要的作用。这篇综述总结了旁分泌或自分泌机制、外泌体或游离蛋白和 miRNA 诱导癌症 EMT 的最新知识。
