Conservation Biogeography Laboratory, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74680-900 Goiania, Brasil;
Programa de Pós Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 15007 Porto Alegre, Brasil.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 Jul 18;114(29):7641-7646. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1706461114. Epub 2017 Jul 3.
Conservation priorities that are based on species distribution, endemism, and vulnerability may underrepresent biologically unique species as well as their functional roles and evolutionary histories. To ensure that priorities are biologically comprehensive, multiple dimensions of diversity must be considered. Further, understanding how the different dimensions relate to one another spatially is important for conservation prioritization, but the relationship remains poorly understood. Here, we use spatial conservation planning to () identify and compare priority regions for global mammal conservation across three key dimensions of biodiversity-taxonomic, phylogenetic, and traits-and () determine the overlap of these regions with the locations of threatened species and existing protected areas. We show that priority areas for mammal conservation exhibit low overlap across the three dimensions, highlighting the need for an integrative approach for biodiversity conservation. Additionally, currently protected areas poorly represent the three dimensions of mammalian biodiversity. We identify areas of high conservation priority among and across the dimensions that should receive special attention for expanding the global protected area network. These high-priority areas, combined with areas of high priority for other taxonomic groups and with social, economic, and political considerations, provide a biological foundation for future conservation planning efforts.
基于物种分布、特有性和脆弱性的保护优先级可能无法充分体现具有独特生物学特征的物种及其功能作用和进化历史。为了确保保护优先级具有生物学的全面性，必须考虑多样性的多个维度。此外，了解不同维度在空间上是如何相互关联的对于保护优先级的制定非常重要，但这种关系仍未得到很好的理解。在这里，我们使用空间保护规划来 () 确定和比较全球哺乳动物保护在三个关键生物多样性维度（分类学、系统发育和特征）方面的优先区域，并 () 确定这些区域与受威胁物种的位置和现有的保护区的重叠情况。我们表明，哺乳动物保护的优先区域在这三个维度上的重叠度较低，突出了需要采取综合方法来进行生物多样性保护。此外，目前的保护区在哺乳动物生物多样性的三个维度上的代表性很差。我们确定了在各个维度和跨维度之间具有高度保护优先级的区域，这些区域应特别关注，以扩大全球保护区网络。这些高优先级区域，结合其他分类群的高优先级区域以及社会、经济和政治考虑因素，为未来的保护规划工作提供了生物学基础。
