Grenda A, Krawczyk P
Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
Scand J Immunol. 2017 Sep;86(3):130-134. doi: 10.1111/sji.12577.
Lung cancer (LC) is the most common cause of cancer death in the world. A great challenge in treating NSCLC is the discovery of advanced, molecular tools to diagnose the disease in early stages as well as the development of immunotherapy. MicroRNAs are regulatory molecules (~20 nt in length) with the ability to regulate the expression of genes. The recently described PD-1 and PD-L1 molecules have great importance for potential use in immunotherapy of many cancers. These molecules are associated with immune checkpoints and provide an opportunity for the treatment of advanced NSCLC patients with synthetic monoclonal antibodies. PD-L1 expression is strictly associated with microRNA function in lung cancer cells. The group of microRNAs related to PD-L1 includes, among others, miR-200, miR-197 or miRNA-34. Expression of these molecules may be useful in lung cancer diagnosis, qualification to anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 antibody therapy and could be a potential therapeutic target. However, studies on PD-L1-related microRNAs are necessary to develop advanced targeted molecular therapies.
肺癌（LC）是全球癌症死亡的最常见原因。治疗非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的一个巨大挑战是发现先进的分子工具来早期诊断该疾病以及开发免疫疗法。微小RNA是长度约为20个核苷酸的调节分子，具有调节基因表达的能力。最近描述的程序性死亡受体1（PD-1）和程序性死亡配体1（PD-L1）分子对于许多癌症免疫治疗的潜在应用具有重要意义。这些分子与免疫检查点相关，为使用合成单克隆抗体治疗晚期NSCLC患者提供了机会。PD-L1的表达与肺癌细胞中的微小RNA功能密切相关。与PD-L1相关的微小RNA组包括miR-200、miR-197或miRNA-34等。这些分子的表达可能有助于肺癌诊断、抗PD-1或抗PD-L1抗体治疗的资格判定，并且可能是一个潜在的治疗靶点。然而，开展关于PD-L1相关微小RNA的研究对于开发先进的靶向分子疗法是必要的。
