van der Linden E L, Bun R J, van Os E
Rode Kruis Ziekenhuis, afd. Kindergeneeskunde, Beverwijk.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2017;161:D1402.
Mandibular fractures are rare in children. Symptoms of these fractures include preauricular pain and swelling, trismus and pain when opening the mouth, and they are often preceded by a fall on the chin. If the diagnosis is missed they may have serious consequences for the growth and development of the jaw.
A 3-year-old boy was referred with a swelling in his left cheek, fever and vomiting. Two days earlier he had fallen on his chin. At physical examination he had severe preauricular pain on palpation and a trismus. The patient was admitted because of suspicion of a viral parotitis and the threat of dehydration. After discharge, he went to the dentist for examination of a molar that was painful to the touch. The dentist performed an orthopantomogram and discovered a fracture of the left mandibular collum.
Any child with trauma to the chin should be observed for symptoms of a mandibular fracture, and if it seems necessary non-invasive radiographic examination should be performed.
儿童下颌骨骨折较为罕见。这些骨折的症状包括耳前疼痛和肿胀、牙关紧闭以及张口时疼痛，且往往在颏部受伤跌倒后出现。若漏诊，可能会对颌骨的生长发育造成严重后果。
一名3岁男孩因左侧脸颊肿胀、发热和呕吐前来就诊。两天前他颏部着地摔倒。体格检查时，触诊发现其耳前有严重疼痛且牙关紧闭。因怀疑是病毒性腮腺炎以及有脱水风险，该患者入院治疗。出院后，他前往牙医处检查一颗触痛的磨牙。牙医进行了全景X线片检查，发现左侧下颌骨颈骨折。
任何颏部受过外伤的儿童都应观察是否有下颌骨骨折的症状，如有必要，应进行非侵入性影像学检查。
