Nakhaeizadeh Sherry, Morgan Ruth M, Rando Carolyn, Dror Itiel E
Department of Security and Crime Science, University College London, 35 Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9EZ, UK.
Centre for the Forensic Sciences, University College London, 35 Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9EZ, UK.
J Forensic Sci. 2018 Mar;63(2):403-411. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.13569. Epub 2017 Jul 5.
Thirty-eight participants took part in a study that investigated the potential cascading effects of initial exposure to extraneous context upon subsequent decision-making. Participants investigated a mock crime scene, which included the excavation of clandestine burials that had a male skeletal cast dressed either in female or gender neutral clothing. This was followed by a forensic anthropological assessment of the skeletal remains, with a control group assessing the same male skeletal cast without any clothing context. The results indicated that the sex assessment was highly dependent upon the context in which participants were exposed to prior to the analysis. This was especially noticeable in the female clothing context where only one participant determined the male skeletal cast to be male. The results demonstrate the importance of understanding the role of context in forensic anthropology at an early stage of an investigation and its potential cascading effect on subsequent assessments.
38名参与者参与了一项研究，该研究调查了最初接触无关背景对后续决策的潜在连锁效应。参与者勘查了一个模拟犯罪现场，其中包括挖掘秘密埋葬地点，里面有一具穿着女性或中性服装的男性骨骼模型。随后对骨骼遗骸进行法医人类学评估，对照组评估同一具未穿任何服装的男性骨骼模型。结果表明，性别评估高度依赖于参与者在分析之前所接触的背景。这在女性服装背景下尤为明显，只有一名参与者判定男性骨骼模型为男性。结果表明，在调查的早期阶段理解背景在法医人类学中的作用及其对后续评估的潜在连锁效应非常重要。
